Urevangelium

Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.

Translation Lineage

Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.

Greek Papyri			Alexandrian		Western			Latin		Syriac		Byzantine
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT			Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT		Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin			Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker		Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith		Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT
		—	ὅταν	When	οταν	\|	cum	Cum	When	ܡܐ	When	Ὅταν	When
		—	δὲ	then	δε	\|	audieritis	audieritis	then	ܕܝܢ	but	δὲ	then
		—	ἀκούσητε	you may hear of	ακουσητε	\|	autem	autem	you may hear of	ܕܫܡܥܬܘܢ	you may hear of	ἀκούσητε	you may hear of
		—	πολέμους	wars	πολεμους	\|	bella	bella	wars	ܩܪܒܐ	wars	πολέμους	wars
		—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܘܛܒܐ	and	καὶ	and
		—	ἀκοὰς	rumors	ακοας	\|	opiniones	opiniones	rumors	ܕܩܐܪܤܐ	rumors	ἀκοὰς	rumors
		—	πολέμων,	of wars,	πολεμων	\|	bellorum	bellorum	of wars,	ܠܐ	of wars,	πολέμων	of wars,
		—	μὴ	not	μη	\|	ne	ne	not	ܬܕܚܠܘܢ	not	μὴ	not
		—	θροεῖσθε·	do be disturbed;	—	\|	timueritis	timueritis	do be disturbed;	ܥܬܝܕ	do be disturbed;	θροεῖσθε	do be disturbed;
		—	δεῖ	it must	δει	\|	oportet	oportet	it must	ܗܘ	it must	δεῖ	it must
		—	γὰρ	for	γαρ	\|	enim	enim	for	ܓܝܪ	for	γὰρ	for
		—	γενέσθαι,	come to pass,	γενεσθαι	\|	est	hæc	come to pass,	ܐܠܐ	come to pass,	γενέσθαι	come to pass,
		—	ἀλλ᾽	but	—	\|	fieri	fieri	but	ܠܐ	but	ἀλλ’	but
		—	οὔπω	not yet is	ουπω	\|	sed	sed	not yet is	ܥܕܟܝܠ	not yet is	οὔπω	not yet is
		—	τὸ	the	το	\|	nondum	—	—	—	—	τὸ	the
		—	τέλος.	end.	τελος	\|	finis	finis	end.	ܚܪܬܐ	end.	τέλος	end.
	Next Fragment: Luke 1:54
	See 65 Earliest Papyri

Trace Your New Testament Back to the Gospel Sources

See how the Four Gospels in the Bible you read today connect to the Greek, Latin, Syriac, and Byzantine witnesses shown above.

Alexandrian	Western	Latin	Byzantine
	—	ὅταν	When	οταν	\|	cum	Cum	When	ܡܐ	When	Ὅταν	When
	—	δὲ	then	δε	\|	audieritis	audieritis	then	ܕܝܢ	but	δὲ	then
	—	ἀκούσητε	you may hear of	ακουσητε	\|	autem	autem	you may hear of	ܕܫܡܥܬܘܢ	you may hear of	ἀκούσητε	you may hear of
	—	πολέμους	wars	πολεμους	\|	bella	bella	wars	ܩܪܒܐ	wars	πολέμους	wars
	—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܘܛܒܐ	and	καὶ	and
	—	ἀκοὰς	rumors	ακοας	\|	opiniones	opiniones	rumors	ܕܩܐܪܤܐ	rumors	ἀκοὰς	rumors
	—	πολέμων,	of wars,	πολεμων	\|	bellorum	bellorum	of wars,	ܠܐ	of wars,	πολέμων	of wars,
	—	μὴ	not	μη	\|	ne	ne	not	ܬܕܚܠܘܢ	not	μὴ	not
	—	θροεῖσθε·	do be disturbed;	—	\|	timueritis	timueritis	do be disturbed;	ܥܬܝܕ	do be disturbed;	θροεῖσθε	do be disturbed;
	—	δεῖ	it must	δει	\|	oportet	oportet	it must	ܗܘ	it must	δεῖ	it must
	—	γὰρ	for	γαρ	\|	enim	enim	for	ܓܝܪ	for	γὰρ	for
	—	γενέσθαι,	come to pass,	γενεσθαι	\|	est	hæc	come to pass,	ܐܠܐ	come to pass,	γενέσθαι	come to pass,
	—	ἀλλ᾽	but	—	\|	fieri	fieri	but	ܠܐ	but	ἀλλ’	but
	—	οὔπω	not yet is	ουπω	\|	sed	sed	not yet is	ܥܕܟܝܠ	not yet is	οὔπω	not yet is
	—	τὸ	the	το	\|	nondum	—	—	—	—	τὸ	the
	—	τέλος.	end.	τελος	\|	finis	finis	end.	ܚܪܬܐ	end.	τέλος	end.
Next Fragment: Luke 1:54
See 65 Earliest Papyri

Greek Papyri

Alexandrian

Western

Latin

Syriac

Byzantine

Earliest Papyri

c. 125–250 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Vaticanus

c. 325 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Bezae

c. 400 CE · Greek

Latin

Vulgate

c. 400 CE · Latin

Whitaker

Peshitta

c. 400–450 CE · Syriac

PayneSmith

Byzantine

c. 5th–9th c. · Greek

TAGNT

—

ὅταν

When

οταν

cum

Cum

When

ܡܐ

When

Ὅταν

When

—

δὲ

then

δε

audieritis

then

ܕܝܢ

but

δὲ

then

—

ἀκούσητε

you may hear of

ακουσητε

autem

you may hear of

ܕܫܡܥܬܘܢ

you may hear of

ἀκούσητε

you may hear of

—

πολέμους

wars

πολεμους

bella

wars

ܩܪܒܐ

wars

πολέμους

wars

—

καὶ

and

και

and

ܘܛܒܐ

and

καὶ

and

—

ἀκοὰς

rumors

ακοας

opiniones

rumors

ܕܩܐܪܤܐ

rumors

ἀκοὰς

rumors

—

πολέμων,

of wars,

πολεμων

bellorum

of wars,

ܠܐ

of wars,

πολέμων

of wars,

—

μὴ

not

μη

not

ܬܕܚܠܘܢ

not

μὴ

not

—

θροεῖσθε·

do be disturbed;

—

timueritis

do be disturbed;

ܥܬܝܕ

do be disturbed;

θροεῖσθε

do be disturbed;

—

δεῖ

it must

δει

oportet

it must

ܗܘ

it must

δεῖ

it must

—

γὰρ

for

γαρ

enim

for

ܓܝܪ

for

γὰρ

for

—

γενέσθαι,

come to pass,

γενεσθαι

est

hæc

come to pass,

ܐܠܐ

come to pass,

γενέσθαι

come to pass,

—

ἀλλ᾽

but

—

fieri

but

ܠܐ

but

ἀλλ’

but

—

οὔπω

not yet is

ουπω

sed

not yet is

ܥܕܟܝܠ

not yet is

οὔπω

not yet is

—

τὸ

the

το

nondum

—

τὸ

the

—

τέλος.

end.

τελος

finis

end.

ܚܪܬܐ

end.

τέλος

end.

Next Fragment: Luke 1:54

See 65 Earliest Papyri

Mark 13:7

Translation Lineage

Urevangelium

Mark 13:7

Translation Lineage