The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | ἡλίου | when the sun | — | | | sole | sole | when the sun | ܟܕ | when the sun | ἡλίου | when the sun | ||||||
| — | δὲ | now | δε | | | autem | autem | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | now | ||||||
| — | ἀνατείλαντος | having risen | ανατειλαντος | | | oriente | orto | having risen | ܕܝܢ | having risen | ἀνατείλαντος | having risen | ||||||
| — | ἐκαυματίσθη, | they were scorched, | εκαυματισθησαν | | | — | æstuaverunt | they were scorched, | ܫܡܫܐ | they were scorched, | ἐκαυματίσθη | they were scorched, | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܚܡ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | διὰ | through | δια | | | quia | quia | through | ܘܡܛܠ | through | διὰ | through | ||||||
| — | τὸ | the | το | | | aestuauerunt | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | ||||||
| — | μὴ | not | μη | | | non | non | not | ܗܘܐ | not | μὴ | not | ||||||
| — | ἔχειν | having | εχειν | | | habebant | habebant | having | ܠܗ | having | ἔχειν | having | ||||||
| — | ῥίζαν | root | ριζαν | | | radicem | radicem | root | ܥܩܪܐ | root | ῥίζαν | root | ||||||
| — | ἐξηράνθη. | were dried up. | εξηρανθησαν | | | harunt | aruerunt | were dried up. | ܝܒܫ | were dried up. | ἐξηράνθη | were dried up. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 13:55 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||