The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | γεννήματα | Offspring | γεννηματα | | | generatio | Progenies | Offspring | ܝܠܕܐ | Offspring | Γεννήματα | Offspring | ||||||
| — | ἐχιδνῶν, | of vipers, | εχιδνων | | | uiperarum | viperarum | of vipers, | ܕܐܟܕܢܐ | of vipers, | ἐχιδνῶν | of vipers, | ||||||
| — | πῶς | how | πως | | | quomodo | quomodo | how | ܐܝܟܢܐ | how | πῶς | how | ||||||
| — | δύνασθε | are you able | — | | | potestes | potestis | are you able | ܡܫܟܚܝܢ | are you able | δύνασθε | are you able | ||||||
| — | ἀγαθὰ | good things | αγαθα | | | bona | bona | good things | ܐܢܬܘܢ | good things | ἀγαθὰ | good things | ||||||
| — | λαλεῖν | to speak | λαλειν | | | loqui | loqui | to speak | ܛܒܬܐ | to speak | λαλεῖν | to speak | ||||||
| — | πονηροὶ | evil | πονηροι | | | dum | mali | evil | ܠܡܡܠܠܘ | evil | πονηροὶ | evil | ||||||
| — | ὄντες; | being? | οντες | | | estis | cum sitis | since you are | ܕܒܝܫܐ | being? | ὄντες | being? | ||||||
| — | ἐκ | Out of | εκ | | | maligni | ex | from | ܐܢܬܘܢ | Out of | Ἐκ | Out of | ||||||
| — | γὰρ | for | γαρ | | | — | enim | for | ܓܝܪ | for | γὰρ | for | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | the | του | | | loquitur | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | the | ||||||
| — | περισσεύματος | overflow | περισσευματος | | | abundantia | abundantia | abundance | ܬܘܬܪܝ | overflow | περισσεύματος | overflow | ||||||
| — | τῆς | of the | της | | | de | — | — | — | — | τῆς | of the | ||||||
| — | καρδίας | heart | καρδιας | | | autem | cordis | heart | ܠܒܐ | heart | καρδίας | heart | ||||||
| — | τὸ | the | το | | | bona | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | ||||||
| — | στόμα | mouth | στομα | | | cordis | os | mouth | ܓܝܪ | mouth | στόμα | mouth | ||||||
| — | λαλεῖ.¶ | speaks. | λαλει | | | os | loquitur | speaks | ܡܡܠܠ | speaks. | λαλεῖ | speaks. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 13:55 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||