Urevangelium

Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.

Translation Lineage

Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.

Greek Papyri			Alexandrian		Western			Latin		Syriac		Byzantine
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT			Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT		Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin			Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker		Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith		Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT
απεκριθηP66 · P75		Answered	Ἀπεκρίθη	Answered	απεκριθη	\|	respondit	Respondit	Answered	ܐܡܪܝܢ	Answered	Ἀπεκρίθη	Answered
ουνP66 · P75		therefore	οὖν	therefore	—	\|	illi	ei	therefore	ܠܗ	therefore	αὐτῷ	therefore
αυτωP66 · P75		to Him	αὐτῷ	to Him	αυτω	\|	turba	turba	to Him	ܟܢܫܐ	to Him	ὁ	to Him
οP66 · P75		the	ὁ	the	ο	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ὄχλος	the
οχλοσP66 · P75		crowd;	ὄχλος·	crowd;	οχλος	\|	nos	Nos	crowd;	—	—	Ἡμεῖς	crowd;
ημισP66 · P75		We ourselves	ἡμεῖς	We ourselves	ημεις	\|	audiuimus	audivimus	We ourselves	ܚܢܢ	We ourselves	ἠκούσαμεν	We ourselves
ηκουσαμενP66 · P75		heard	ἠκούσαμεν	heard	ηκουσαμεν	\|	—	ex	heard	ܫܡܥܢ	heard	ἐκ	heard
εκP66 · P75		from	ἐκ	from	εκ	\|	de	—	—	ܡܢ	from	τοῦ	from
τουP66 · P75		the	τοῦ	the	του	\|	—	—	—	—	—	νόμου	the
νομουP66 · P75		law	νόμου	law	νομου	\|	lege	lege	law	ܢܡܘܤܐ	law	ὅτι	law
οτιP66 · P75		that	ὅτι	that	οτι	\|	quia	quia	that	—	—	ὁ	that
οP66 · P75		the	ὁ	the	ο	\|	aeternum	—	—	—	—	χριστὸς	the
χσP66 · P75		Christ	χριστὸς	Christ	—	\|	xps	Christus	Christ	ܕܡܫܝܚܐ	Christ	μένει	Christ
μενειP66 · P75		abides	μένει	abides	μενει	\|	manet	manet	abides	ܠܥܠܡ	abides	εἰς	abides
εισP66 · P75		to	εἰς	to	εις	\|	in	in	to	ܡܩܘܐ	to	τὸν	to
τονP66 · P75		the	τὸν	the	τον	\|	—	—	—	—	—	αἰῶνα	the
αιωναP66 · P75		age,	αἰῶνα,	age,	αιωνα	\|	—	æternum	age,	ܐܝܟܢܐ	age,	καὶ	age,
πωσP66 · P75		and	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	—	—	πῶς	and
συP66 · P75		how	πῶς	how	πως	\|	quoniam	quomodo	how	ܐܡܪ	how	σὺ	how
λεγεισP66 · P75		say	λέγεις	say	—	\|	tu	tu	say	ܐܢܬ	say	λέγεις	say
οτιP66 · P75		you yourself	σὺ	you yourself	συ	\|	dicis	dicis	you yourself	ܕܥܬܝܕ	you yourself	Δεῖ	you yourself
διP66 · P75		that	ὅτι	that	οτι	\|	oportet	Oportet	that	ܗܘ	that	ὑψωθῆναι	that
υψωθηναιP66 · P75		it behooves	δεῖ	it behooves	δει	\|	exaltari	exaltari	it behooves	—	—	τὸν	it behooves
τονP66 · P75		to be lifted up	ὑψωθῆναι	to be lifted up	ϋψωθηναι	\|	quomodo	—	—	ܕܢܬܬܪܝܡ	to be lifted up	υἱὸν	to be lifted up
υνP66 · P75		the	τὸν	the	τον	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τοῦ	the
τουP66 · P75		Son	υἱὸν	Son	ϋιον	\|	filium	Filium	Son	ܒܪܗ	Son	ἀνθρώπου	Son
ανουP66 · P75		<the>	τοῦ	<the>	του	\|	ergo	—	—	—	—	Τίς	<the>
τισP66 · P75		of Man?	ἀνθρώπου;	of Man?	ανθρωπου	\|	hominis	hominis	of Man?	ܕܐܢܫܐ	of Man?	ἐστιν	of Man?
εστιP66 · P75		Who	τίς	Who	τις	\|	quis	quis	Who	ܡܢܘ	Who	οὗτος	Who
ουτοσP66 · P75		is	ἐστιν	is	εστιν	\|	est	est	is	—	—	ὁ	is
οP66 · P75		this	οὗτος	this	ουτος	\|	—	iste	this	ܗܢܐ	this	υἱὸς	this
υσP66 · P75		<the>	ὁ	<the>	ο	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τοῦ	<the>
τουP66 · P75		Son	υἱὸς	Son	ϋιος	\|	filius	Filius	Son	ܒܪܗ	Son	ἀνθρώπου	Son
ανουP66 · P75		<the>	τοῦ	<the>	του	\|	hic	—	—	—	—	τοῦ	<the>
ἀνθρώπου;¶P66 · P75		of Man?	ἀνθρώπου;¶	of Man?	ανθρωπου	\|	hominis	hominis	of Man?	ܕܐܢܫܐ	of Man?	ἀνθρώπου;¶	of Man?
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Trace Your New Testament Back to the Gospel Sources

See how the Four Gospels in the Bible you read today connect to the Greek, Latin, Syriac, and Byzantine witnesses shown above.

Greek Papyri	Alexandrian	Western	Latin	Byzantine
απεκριθηP66 · P75		Answered	Ἀπεκρίθη	Answered	απεκριθη	\|	respondit	Respondit	Answered	ܐܡܪܝܢ	Answered	Ἀπεκρίθη	Answered
ουνP66 · P75		therefore	οὖν	therefore	—	\|	illi	ei	therefore	ܠܗ	therefore	αὐτῷ	therefore
αυτωP66 · P75		to Him	αὐτῷ	to Him	αυτω	\|	turba	turba	to Him	ܟܢܫܐ	to Him	ὁ	to Him
οP66 · P75		the	ὁ	the	ο	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ὄχλος	the
οχλοσP66 · P75		crowd;	ὄχλος·	crowd;	οχλος	\|	nos	Nos	crowd;	—	—	Ἡμεῖς	crowd;
ημισP66 · P75		We ourselves	ἡμεῖς	We ourselves	ημεις	\|	audiuimus	audivimus	We ourselves	ܚܢܢ	We ourselves	ἠκούσαμεν	We ourselves
ηκουσαμενP66 · P75		heard	ἠκούσαμεν	heard	ηκουσαμεν	\|	—	ex	heard	ܫܡܥܢ	heard	ἐκ	heard
εκP66 · P75		from	ἐκ	from	εκ	\|	de	—	—	ܡܢ	from	τοῦ	from
τουP66 · P75		the	τοῦ	the	του	\|	—	—	—	—	—	νόμου	the
νομουP66 · P75		law	νόμου	law	νομου	\|	lege	lege	law	ܢܡܘܤܐ	law	ὅτι	law
οτιP66 · P75		that	ὅτι	that	οτι	\|	quia	quia	that	—	—	ὁ	that
οP66 · P75		the	ὁ	the	ο	\|	aeternum	—	—	—	—	χριστὸς	the
χσP66 · P75		Christ	χριστὸς	Christ	—	\|	xps	Christus	Christ	ܕܡܫܝܚܐ	Christ	μένει	Christ
μενειP66 · P75		abides	μένει	abides	μενει	\|	manet	manet	abides	ܠܥܠܡ	abides	εἰς	abides
εισP66 · P75		to	εἰς	to	εις	\|	in	in	to	ܡܩܘܐ	to	τὸν	to
τονP66 · P75		the	τὸν	the	τον	\|	—	—	—	—	—	αἰῶνα	the
αιωναP66 · P75		age,	αἰῶνα,	age,	αιωνα	\|	—	æternum	age,	ܐܝܟܢܐ	age,	καὶ	age,
πωσP66 · P75		and	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	—	—	πῶς	and
συP66 · P75		how	πῶς	how	πως	\|	quoniam	quomodo	how	ܐܡܪ	how	σὺ	how
λεγεισP66 · P75		say	λέγεις	say	—	\|	tu	tu	say	ܐܢܬ	say	λέγεις	say
οτιP66 · P75		you yourself	σὺ	you yourself	συ	\|	dicis	dicis	you yourself	ܕܥܬܝܕ	you yourself	Δεῖ	you yourself
διP66 · P75		that	ὅτι	that	οτι	\|	oportet	Oportet	that	ܗܘ	that	ὑψωθῆναι	that
υψωθηναιP66 · P75		it behooves	δεῖ	it behooves	δει	\|	exaltari	exaltari	it behooves	—	—	τὸν	it behooves
τονP66 · P75		to be lifted up	ὑψωθῆναι	to be lifted up	ϋψωθηναι	\|	quomodo	—	—	ܕܢܬܬܪܝܡ	to be lifted up	υἱὸν	to be lifted up
υνP66 · P75		the	τὸν	the	τον	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τοῦ	the
τουP66 · P75		Son	υἱὸν	Son	ϋιον	\|	filium	Filium	Son	ܒܪܗ	Son	ἀνθρώπου	Son
ανουP66 · P75		<the>	τοῦ	<the>	του	\|	ergo	—	—	—	—	Τίς	<the>
τισP66 · P75		of Man?	ἀνθρώπου;	of Man?	ανθρωπου	\|	hominis	hominis	of Man?	ܕܐܢܫܐ	of Man?	ἐστιν	of Man?
εστιP66 · P75		Who	τίς	Who	τις	\|	quis	quis	Who	ܡܢܘ	Who	οὗτος	Who
ουτοσP66 · P75		is	ἐστιν	is	εστιν	\|	est	est	is	—	—	ὁ	is
οP66 · P75		this	οὗτος	this	ουτος	\|	—	iste	this	ܗܢܐ	this	υἱὸς	this
υσP66 · P75		<the>	ὁ	<the>	ο	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τοῦ	<the>
τουP66 · P75		Son	υἱὸς	Son	ϋιος	\|	filius	Filius	Son	ܒܪܗ	Son	ἀνθρώπου	Son
ανουP66 · P75		<the>	τοῦ	<the>	του	\|	hic	—	—	—	—	τοῦ	<the>
ἀνθρώπου;¶P66 · P75		of Man?	ἀνθρώπου;¶	of Man?	ανθρωπου	\|	hominis	hominis	of Man?	ܕܐܢܫܐ	of Man?	ἀνθρώπου;¶	of Man?
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	See 65 Earliest Papyri

Greek Papyri

Alexandrian

Western

Latin

Syriac

Byzantine

Earliest Papyri

c. 125–250 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Vaticanus

c. 325 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Bezae

c. 400 CE · Greek

Latin

Vulgate

c. 400 CE · Latin

Whitaker

Peshitta

c. 400–450 CE · Syriac

PayneSmith

Byzantine

c. 5th–9th c. · Greek

TAGNT

απεκριθηP66 · P75

Answered

Ἀπεκρίθη

Answered

απεκριθη

respondit

Respondit

Answered

ܐܡܪܝܢ

Answered

Ἀπεκρίθη

Answered

ουνP66 · P75

therefore

οὖν

therefore

—

illi

therefore

ܠܗ

therefore

αὐτῷ

therefore

αυτωP66 · P75

to Him

αὐτῷ

to Him

αυτω

turba

to Him

ܟܢܫܐ

to Him

ὁ

to Him

οP66 · P75

the

ὁ

the

—

ὄχλος

the

οχλοσP66 · P75

crowd;

ὄχλος·

crowd;

οχλος

nos

Nos

crowd;

—

Ἡμεῖς

crowd;

ημισP66 · P75

We ourselves

ἡμεῖς

We ourselves

ημεις

audiuimus

audivimus

We ourselves

ܚܢܢ

We ourselves

ἠκούσαμεν

We ourselves

ηκουσαμενP66 · P75

heard

ἠκούσαμεν

heard

ηκουσαμεν

—

heard

ܫܡܥܢ

heard

ἐκ

heard

εκP66 · P75

from

ἐκ

from

εκ

—

ܡܢ

from

τοῦ

from

τουP66 · P75

the

τοῦ

the

του

—

νόμου

the

νομουP66 · P75

law

νόμου

law

νομου

lege

law

ܢܡܘܤܐ

law

ὅτι

law

οτιP66 · P75

that

ὅτι

that

οτι

quia

that

—

ὁ

that

οP66 · P75

the

ὁ

the

aeternum

—

χριστὸς

the

χσP66 · P75

Christ

χριστὸς

Christ

—

xps

Christus

Christ

ܕܡܫܝܚܐ

Christ

μένει

Christ

μενειP66 · P75

abides

μένει

abides

μενει

manet

abides

ܠܥܠܡ

abides

εἰς

abides

εισP66 · P75

εἰς

εις

ܡܩܘܐ

τὸν

τονP66 · P75

the

τὸν

the

τον

—

αἰῶνα

the

αιωναP66 · P75

age,

αἰῶνα,

age,

αιωνα

—

æternum

age,

ܐܝܟܢܐ

age,

καὶ

age,

πωσP66 · P75

and

καὶ

and

και

and

—

πῶς

and

συP66 · P75

how

πῶς

how

πως

quoniam

quomodo

how

ܐܡܪ

how

σὺ

how

λεγεισP66 · P75

say

λέγεις

say

—

say

ܐܢܬ

say

λέγεις

say

οτιP66 · P75

you yourself

σὺ

you yourself

συ

dicis

you yourself

ܕܥܬܝܕ

you yourself

Δεῖ

you yourself

διP66 · P75

that

ὅτι

that

οτι

oportet

Oportet

that

ܗܘ

that

ὑψωθῆναι

that

υψωθηναιP66 · P75

it behooves

δεῖ

it behooves

δει

exaltari

it behooves

—

τὸν

it behooves

τονP66 · P75

to be lifted up

ὑψωθῆναι

to be lifted up

ϋψωθηναι

quomodo

—

ܕܢܬܬܪܝܡ

to be lifted up

υἱὸν

to be lifted up

υνP66 · P75

the

τὸν

the

τον

—

τοῦ

the

τουP66 · P75

Son

υἱὸν

Son

ϋιον

filium

Filium

Son

ܒܪܗ

Son

ἀνθρώπου

Son

ανουP66 · P75

<the>

τοῦ

<the>

του

ergo

—

Τίς

<the>

τισP66 · P75

of Man?

ἀνθρώπου;

of Man?

ανθρωπου

hominis

of Man?

ܕܐܢܫܐ

of Man?

ἐστιν

of Man?

εστιP66 · P75

Who

τίς

Who

τις

quis

Who

ܡܢܘ

Who

οὗτος

Who

ουτοσP66 · P75

ἐστιν

εστιν

est

—

ὁ

οP66 · P75

this

οὗτος

this

ουτος

—

iste

this

ܗܢܐ

this

υἱὸς

this

υσP66 · P75

<the>

ὁ

<the>

—

τοῦ

<the>

τουP66 · P75

Son

υἱὸς

Son

ϋιος

filius

Filius

Son

ܒܪܗ

Son

ἀνθρώπου

Son

ανουP66 · P75

<the>

τοῦ

<the>

του

hic

—

τοῦ

<the>

ἀνθρώπου;¶P66 · P75

of Man?

ἀνθρώπου;¶

of Man?

ανθρωπου

hominis

of Man?

ܕܐܢܫܐ

of Man?

ἀνθρώπου;¶

of Man?

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John 12:34

Translation Lineage

Urevangelium

John 12:34

Translation Lineage