The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ουP45 | Not | οὐ | Not | ου | | | et | Non | Not | ܠܐ | Not | Οὐ | Not | |||||
γαρP45 | for | γὰρ | for | γαρ | | | facta | enim | for | ܓܝܪ | for | γὰρ | for | |||||
ηδειP45 | he knew | ᾔδει | he knew | ηδει | | | est | sciebat | he knew | ܝܕܥ | he knew | ᾔδει | he knew | |||||
τιP45 | what | τί | what | τι | | | nubs | quid | what | ܗܘܐ | what | τί | what | |||||
λαλειP45 | he may answer, | ἀποκριθῇ, | he may answer, | — | | | obumbrans | diceret | he may answer, | ܡܢܐ | he may answer, | λαλήσει | he may answer, | |||||
ησανP45 | terrified | ἔκφοβοι | terrified | εκφοβοι | | | illos | erant | terrified | ܐܡܪ | terrified | ἦσαν | terrified | |||||
γαρP45 | for | γὰρ | for | γαρ | | | et | enim | for | ܓܝܪ | for | γὰρ | for | |||||
εκφοβοιP45 | they were. | ἐγένοντο.¶ | they were. | εγενοντο | | | uenit | timore exterriti | they were. | ܗܘܘ | they were. | ἔκφοβοι | they were. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||