The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
τιP45 | or | ἢ | or | η | | | aut | — | — | — | — | Ἢ | or | |||||
γαρP45 | What | τί | What | τι | | | quid | quid | What | ܡܢܐ | What | τί | What | |||||
δωσειP45 | for | γὰρ | for | γαρ | | | dauit | dabit | for | ܓܝܪ | for | δώσει | for | |||||
ανθρωποσP45 | may give | δοῖ | may give | — | | | homo | homo | may give | ܢܬܠ | may give | ἄνθρωπος | may give | |||||
ανταλλαγμαP45 | a man | ἄνθρωπος | a man | ανθρωπος | | | commutatione | commutationis | a man | ܒܪܢܫܐ | a man | ἀντάλλαγμα | a man | |||||
τησP45 | as an exchange | ἀντάλλαγμα | as an exchange | ανταλλαγμα | | | pro | pro | as an exchange | — | — | τῆς | as an exchange | |||||
ψυχησP45 | for the | τῆς | for the | της | | | — | — | — | — | — | ψυχῆς | for the | |||||
αυτουP45 | soul | ψυχῆς | soul | ψυχης | | | anima | anima | soul | ܬܚܠܘܦܐ | soul | αὐτοῦ | soul | |||||
αὐτοῦ;P45 | of him? | αὐτοῦ; | of him? | αυτου | | | sua | sua | of him? | ܕܢܦܫܗ | of him? | αὐτοῦ; | of him? | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||