Urevangelium

Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.

Translation Lineage

Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.

Greek Papyri			Alexandrian		Western			Latin		Syriac		Byzantine
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT			Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT		Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin			Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker		Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith		Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT
οιP45		<the>	Οἱ	<the>	οι	\|	ad	—	—	—	—	Οἱ	<the>
δεP45		And	δὲ	And	δε	\|	illum	At	And	ܕܝܢ	but	δέ	And
ιδοντεσP45		having seen	ἰδόντες	having seen	ειδοντες	\|	illi	illi	having seen	ܕܝܢ	having seen	ἰδόντες	having seen
αυτονP45		Him	αὐτὸν	Him	αυτον	\|	ut	ut	Him	ܚܙܐܘܗܝ	Him	αὐτὸν	Him
επιP45		on	ἐπὶ	on	—	\|	uiderunt	viderunt	on	ܕܡܗܠܟ	on	περιπατοῦντα	on
τησP45		the	τῆς	the	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ἐπὶ	the
θαλασσησP45		sea	θαλάσσης	sea	—	\|	fantasma	eum	sea	ܥܠ	sea	τῆς	sea
περιπατουνταP45		walking	περιπατοῦντα	walking	περιπατουντα	\|	ambulantem	ambulantem	walking	ܡܝܐ	walking	θαλάσσης	walking
εδοξανP45		they thought	ἔδοξαν	they thought	εδοξαν	\|	super	supra	they thought	ܘܤܒܪܘ	they thought	ἔδοξαν	they thought
οτιP45		that	ὅτι	that	—	\|	mare	mare	that	ܠܗܘܢ	that	φάντασμα	that
φαντασμαP45		a ghost	φάντασμά	a ghost	φαντασμα	\|	putauerunt	putaverunt	a ghost	ܕܚܙܘܐ	a ghost	εἶναι	a ghost
εστινP45		it is,	ἐστιν,	it is,	—	\|	clamauerunt	phantasma	it is,	ܗܘ	it is,	καὶ	it is,
καιP45		and	καὶ	and	και	\|	esse	esse	and	ܕܓܠܐ	and	ἀνέκραξαν	and
ανεκραξανP45		cried out;	ἀνέκραξαν·	cried out;	ανεκραξαν	\|	et	et	cried out;	ܘܩܥܘ	cried out;	ἀνέκραξαν·	cried out;
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Trace Your New Testament Back to the Gospel Sources

See how the Four Gospels in the Bible you read today connect to the Greek, Latin, Syriac, and Byzantine witnesses shown above.

Greek Papyri	Alexandrian	Western	Latin	Byzantine
οιP45		<the>	Οἱ	<the>	οι	\|	ad	—	—	—	—	Οἱ	<the>
δεP45		And	δὲ	And	δε	\|	illum	At	And	ܕܝܢ	but	δέ	And
ιδοντεσP45		having seen	ἰδόντες	having seen	ειδοντες	\|	illi	illi	having seen	ܕܝܢ	having seen	ἰδόντες	having seen
αυτονP45		Him	αὐτὸν	Him	αυτον	\|	ut	ut	Him	ܚܙܐܘܗܝ	Him	αὐτὸν	Him
επιP45		on	ἐπὶ	on	—	\|	uiderunt	viderunt	on	ܕܡܗܠܟ	on	περιπατοῦντα	on
τησP45		the	τῆς	the	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ἐπὶ	the
θαλασσησP45		sea	θαλάσσης	sea	—	\|	fantasma	eum	sea	ܥܠ	sea	τῆς	sea
περιπατουνταP45		walking	περιπατοῦντα	walking	περιπατουντα	\|	ambulantem	ambulantem	walking	ܡܝܐ	walking	θαλάσσης	walking
εδοξανP45		they thought	ἔδοξαν	they thought	εδοξαν	\|	super	supra	they thought	ܘܤܒܪܘ	they thought	ἔδοξαν	they thought
οτιP45		that	ὅτι	that	—	\|	mare	mare	that	ܠܗܘܢ	that	φάντασμα	that
φαντασμαP45		a ghost	φάντασμά	a ghost	φαντασμα	\|	putauerunt	putaverunt	a ghost	ܕܚܙܘܐ	a ghost	εἶναι	a ghost
εστινP45		it is,	ἐστιν,	it is,	—	\|	clamauerunt	phantasma	it is,	ܗܘ	it is,	καὶ	it is,
καιP45		and	καὶ	and	και	\|	esse	esse	and	ܕܓܠܐ	and	ἀνέκραξαν	and
ανεκραξανP45		cried out;	ἀνέκραξαν·	cried out;	ανεκραξαν	\|	et	et	cried out;	ܘܩܥܘ	cried out;	ἀνέκραξαν·	cried out;
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Greek Papyri

Alexandrian

Western

Latin

Syriac

Byzantine

Earliest Papyri

c. 125–250 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Vaticanus

c. 325 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Bezae

c. 400 CE · Greek

Latin

Vulgate

c. 400 CE · Latin

Whitaker

Peshitta

c. 400–450 CE · Syriac

PayneSmith

Byzantine

c. 5th–9th c. · Greek

TAGNT

οιP45

<the>

Οἱ

<the>

οι

—

Οἱ

<the>

δεP45

And

δὲ

And

δε

illum

And

ܕܝܢ

but

δέ

And

ιδοντεσP45

having seen

ἰδόντες

having seen

ειδοντες

illi

having seen

ܕܝܢ

having seen

ἰδόντες

having seen

αυτονP45

Him

αὐτὸν

Him

αυτον

Him

ܚܙܐܘܗܝ

Him

αὐτὸν

Him

επιP45

ἐπὶ

—

uiderunt

viderunt

ܕܡܗܠܟ

περιπατοῦντα

τησP45

the

τῆς

the

—

ἐπὶ

the

θαλασσησP45

sea

θαλάσσης

sea

—

fantasma

eum

sea

ܥܠ

sea

τῆς

sea

περιπατουνταP45

walking

περιπατοῦντα

walking

περιπατουντα

ambulantem

walking

ܡܝܐ

walking

θαλάσσης

walking

εδοξανP45

they thought

ἔδοξαν

they thought

εδοξαν

super

supra

they thought

ܘܤܒܪܘ

they thought

ἔδοξαν

they thought

οτιP45

that

ὅτι

that

—

mare

that

ܠܗܘܢ

that

φάντασμα

that

φαντασμαP45

a ghost

φάντασμά

a ghost

φαντασμα

putauerunt

putaverunt

a ghost

ܕܚܙܘܐ

a ghost

εἶναι

a ghost

εστινP45

it is,

ἐστιν,

it is,

—

clamauerunt

phantasma

it is,

ܗܘ

it is,

καὶ

it is,

καιP45

and

καὶ

and

και

esse

and

ܕܓܠܐ

and

ἀνέκραξαν

and

ανεκραξανP45

cried out;

ἀνέκραξαν·

cried out;

ανεκραξαν

cried out;

ܘܩܥܘ

cried out;

ἀνέκραξαν·

cried out;

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Mark 6:49

Translation Lineage

Urevangelium

Mark 6:49

Translation Lineage