The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
καιP45 · P84 | And | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܦܩܕ | And | Καὶ | And | |||||
επεταξενP45 · P84 | He commanded | ἐπέταξεν | He commanded | επεταξεν | | | praecepit | præcepit | He commanded | ܠܗܘܢ | He commanded | ἐπέταξεν | He commanded | |||||
αυτοισP45 · P84 | them | αὐτοῖς | them | — | | | illis | illis | them | — | — | αὐτοῖς | them | |||||
ανακλιναιP45 · P84 | to recline | ἀνακλῖναι | to recline | ανακλειναι | | | uti | ut | to recline | ܕܢܤܡܟܘܢ | to recline | ἀνακλῖναι | to recline | |||||
συμποσιαP45 · P84 | all | πάντας | all | παντας | | | ihs | accumbere | all | ܠܟܠܢܫ | all | πάντας | all | |||||
συμποσιαP45 · P84 | groups | συμπόσια | groups | — | | | — | facerent | groups | ܤܡܟܝܢ | groups | συμπόσια | groups | |||||
επιP45 · P84 | by groups | συμπόσια | by groups | — | | | omnes | omnes | by groups | ܤܡܟܝܢ | by groups | συμπόσια | by groups | |||||
χλωρωιP45 · P84 | on | ἐπὶ | on | επι | | | secundum | secundum | on | — | — | ἐπὶ | on | |||||
χορτωιP45 · P84 | the | τῷ | the | τω | | | contubernia | — | — | — | — | τῷ | the | |||||
χλωρῷP45 · P84 | green | χλωρῷ | green | χλωρω | | | super | super | green | ܥܠ | green | χλωρῷ | green | |||||
χόρτῳ.P45 · P84 | grass. | χόρτῳ. | grass. | χορτω | | | uiridem | viride | grass. | ܥܤܒܐ | grass. | χόρτῳ | grass. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||