The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
καιP45 | And | Καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܗܘܐ | And | Καὶ | And | |||||
γενομενησP45 | when was coming | γενομένης | when was coming | γενομενης | | | cum | cum | when was coming | ܝܘܡܐ | when was coming | γενομένης | when was coming | |||||
ημερασP45 | a day | ἡμέρας | a day | ημερας | | | dies | dies | a day | ܝܕܝܥܐ | a day | ἡμέρας | a day | |||||
ευκαιρουP45 | opportune | εὐκαίρου | opportune | ευκαιρου | | | oportunus | opportunus | opportune | — | — | εὐκαίρου | opportune | |||||
οτεP45 | when | ὅτε | when | — | | | accidisset | accidisset | when | ܟܕ | when | ὅτε | when | |||||
ηρωδησP45 | Herod | Ἡρῴδης | Herod | ηρωδης | | | herodis | Herodes | Herod | ܗܪܘܕܤ | Herod | Ἡρῴδης | Herod | |||||
ενP45 | on the | τοῖς | on the | τοις | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῖς | on the | |||||
τοισP45 | birthday | γενεσίοις | birthday | — | | | natali | natalis | birthday | ܒܒܝܬ | birthday | γενεσίοις | birthday | |||||
γενεσιοισP45 | of him | αὐτοῦ | of him | αυτου | | | — | sui | of him | ܝܠܕܗ | of him | αὐτοῦ | of him | |||||
αυτουP45 | a banquet | δεῖπνον | a banquet | δειπνον | | | suo | — | — | — | — | δεῖπνον | a banquet | |||||
δειπνονP45 | made | ἐποίησεν | made | εποιησεν | | | — | cœnam | made | ܚܫܡܝܬܐ | made | ἐποίει | made | |||||
εποιησενP45 | for the | τοῖς | for the | τοις | | | cenam | — | — | — | — | τοῖς | for the | |||||
τοισP45 | great men | μεγιστᾶσιν | great men | μεγειστασιν | | | fecit | fecit | great men | ܥܒܕ | great men | μεγιστᾶσιν | great men | |||||
μεγιστασινP45 | of him | αὐτοῦ | of him | — | | | principibus | principibus | of him | ܗܘܐ | of him | αὐτοῦ | of him | |||||
αυτουP45 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܠܪܘܪܒܢܘܗܝ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
καιP45 | for the | τοῖς | for the | τοις | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῖς | for the | |||||
τοισP45 | chief captains | χιλιάρχοις | chief captains | χειλιαρχοις | | | tribunis | tribunis | chief captains | — | — | χιλιάρχοις | chief captains | |||||
χιλιαρχοισP45 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܘܠܟܝܠܝܪܟܐ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
καιP45 | for the | τοῖς | for the | τοις | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῖς | for the | |||||
τοισP45 | leading men | πρώτοις | leading men | πρωτοις | | | primis | primis | leading men | ܘܠܪܫܐ | leading men | πρώτοις | leading men | |||||
πρωτοισP45 | <the> | τῆς | <the> | της | | | a | — | — | — | — | τῆς | <the> | |||||
ΓαλιλαίαςP45 | of Galilee | Γαλιλαίας | of Galilee | γαλιλαιας | | | galilaeae | Galilææ | of Galilee | ܕܓܠܝܠܐ | of Galilee | Γαλιλαίας | of Galilee | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||