The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | ἦν | There was | ην | | | erat | Erat | There was | ܐܝܬ | There was | Ἦν | There was | ||||||
| — | δὲ | now | δε | | | autem | autem | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | now | ||||||
| — | ἐκεῖ | there | εκει | | | — | ibi | there | ܕܝܢ | there | ἐκεῖ | there | ||||||
| — | πρὸς | near | προς | | | circa | circa | near | ܬܡܢ | near | πρὸς | near | ||||||
| — | τῷ | the | τω | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῷ | the | ||||||
| — | ὄρει | hill | ορει | | | montem | montem | hill | ܛܘܪܐ | hill | ὄρει | hill | ||||||
| — | ἀγέλη | a herd | αγελη | | | grex | grex | a herd | ܒܩܪܐ | a herd | ἀγέλη | a herd | ||||||
| — | χοίρων | of pigs | χοιρων | | | porcorum | porcorum | of pigs | ܪܒܬܐ | of pigs | χοίρων | of pigs | ||||||
| — | μεγάλη | great | — | | | — | magnus | great | ܕܚܙܝܪܐ | great | μεγάλη | great | ||||||
| — | βοσκομένη· | feeding; | βοσκομενη | | | pascentium | pascens | feeding; | ܕܪܥܝܐ | feeding; | βοσκομένη | feeding; | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 5:16 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||