The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܒܥܝܢ | And | καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | παρεκάλεσαν | they begged | — | | | depraecabantur | deprecabantur | they begged | ܗܘܘ | they begged | παρεκάλεσαν | they begged | ||||||
| — | αὐτὸν | Him | — | | | eum | eum | Him | ܡܢܗ | Him | αὐτὸν | Him | ||||||
| — | πάντες | all | — | | | daemonia | spiritus | all | — | — | πάντες | all | ||||||
| — | οἱ | <the> | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | οἱ | <the> | ||||||
| — | δαίμονες | demons | — | | | dicentes | dicentes | demons | ܗܢܘܢ | demons | δαίμονες | demons | ||||||
| — | λέγοντες· | saying; | — | | | mitte | Mitte | saying; | ܫܐܕܐ | saying; | λέγοντες | saying; | ||||||
| — | πέμψον | do send | πεμψον | | | — | — | — | ܘܐܡܪܝܢ | do send | Πέμψον | do send | ||||||
| — | ἡμᾶς | us | ημας | | | nos | nos | us | ܫܕܪܝܢ | us | ἡμᾶς | us | ||||||
| — | εἰς | into | εις | | | in | in | into | ܥܠ | into | εἰς | into | ||||||
| — | τοὺς | the | τους | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοὺς | the | ||||||
| — | χοίρους | pigs | χοιρους | | | porcos | porcos | pigs | ܗܢܘܢ | pigs | χοίρους | pigs | ||||||
| — | ἵνα | so that | ϊνα | | | ut | ut | so that | — | — | ἵνα | so that | ||||||
| — | εἰς | into | εις | | | in | in | into | ܚܙܝܪܐ | into | εἰς | into | ||||||
| — | αὐτοὺς | them | αυτους | | | eos | eos | them | ܕܒܗܘܢ | them | αὐτοὺς | them | ||||||
| — | εἰσέλθωμεν. | let us enter. | — | | | introeumus | introëamus | let us enter. | ܢܥܘܠ | let us enter. | εἰσέλθωμεν | let us enter. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 5:16 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||