The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | χαίρετε | do rejoice | — | | | gaudete | gaudete | do rejoice | ܗܝܕܝܢ | do rejoice | Χαίρετε | do rejoice | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܚܕܘ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | ἀγαλλιᾶσθε, | do exult, | — | | | exultate | exsultate | do exult, | — | — | ἀγαλλιᾶσθε | do exult, | ||||||
| — | ὅτι | for | οτι | | | multa | quoniam | for | ܘܪܘܙܘ | for | ὅτι | for | ||||||
| — | ὁ | the | ο | | | merces | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | ||||||
| — | μισθὸς | reward | μισθος | | | uestra | merces | reward | ܕܐܓܪܟܘܢ | reward | μισθὸς | reward | ||||||
| — | ὑμῶν | of you | ϋμων | | | — | vestra | your | ܤܓܝ | of you | ὑμῶν | of you | ||||||
| — | πολὺς | is great | πολυς | | | caelo | copiosa est | is great | ܒܫܡܝܐ | is great | πολὺς | is great | ||||||
| — | ἐν | in | εν | | | in | in | in | — | — | ἐν | in | ||||||
| — | τοῖς | the | — | | | ita | — | — | — | — | τοῖς | the | ||||||
| — | οὐρανοῖς· | heavens; | — | | | qui | caelis | heavens | ܗܟܢܐ | heavens; | οὐρανοῖς | heavens; | ||||||
| — | οὕτως | thus | ουτως | | | enim | Sic | so | ܓܝܪ | thus | οὕτως | thus | ||||||
| — | γὰρ | for | γαρ | | | persecuti | enim | for | ܓܝܪ | for | γὰρ | for | ||||||
| — | ἐδίωξαν | they persecuted | εδιωξαν | | | sunt | persecuti sunt | they persecuted | ܠܢܒܝܐ | they persecuted | ἐδίωξαν | they persecuted | ||||||
| — | τοὺς | the | τους | | | prophetas | — | — | — | — | τοὺς | the | ||||||
| — | προφήτας | prophets | προφητας | | | quia | prophetas | prophets | — | — | προφήτας | prophets | ||||||
| — | τοὺς | <the> | τους | | | fuerunt | — | — | — | — | τοὺς | <the> | ||||||
| — | πρὸ | before | προ | | | ante | ante | before | ܕܡܢ | before | πρὸ | before | ||||||
| — | ὑμῶν.¶ | you. | ϋμων | | | uos | vos | you | ܩܕܡܝܟܘܢ | you. | ὑμῶν | you. | ||||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||