The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Ὁ | <the> | ο | | | pilatus | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | ||||||
| — | δὲ | And | δε | | | autem | autem | And | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | And | ||||||
| — | Πιλᾶτος | Pilate | πειλατος | | | iterum | rursum | Pilate | ܦܝܠܛܘܤ | Pilate | Πιλάτος | Pilate | ||||||
| — | πάλιν | again | — | | | interrogauit | interrogavit | again | ܬܘܒ | again | πάλιν | again | ||||||
| — | ἐπηρώτα | was questioning | — | | | eum | eum | was questioning | ܫܐܠܗ | was questioning | ἐπηρώτησεν | was questioning | ||||||
| — | αὐτὸν | Him | αυτον | | | dicens | dicens | Him | ܘܐܡܪ | Him | αὐτόν | Him | ||||||
| — | λέγων· | saying; | λεγων | | | non | Non | saying; | ܠܗ | saying; | λέγων | saying; | ||||||
| — | οὐκ | Not | ουκ | | | respondis | respondes | Not | ܠܐ | Not | Οὐκ | Not | ||||||
| — | ἀποκρίνῃ | answer You | αποκρεινη | | | quidquam | quidquam | answer You | ܡܦܢܐ | answer You | ἀποκρίνῃ | answer You | ||||||
| — | οὐδέν; | no thing? | ουδεν | | | uides | vide | no thing? | ܐܢܬ | no thing? | οὐδέν | no thing? | ||||||
| — | ἴδε | See | ϊδε | | | — | in | See | ܦܬܓܡܐ | See | Ἴδε | See | ||||||
| — | πόσα | how many things | ποσα | | | quanti | quantis | how many things | ܚܙܝ | how many things | πόσα | how many things | ||||||
| — | σου | You | σου | | | te | te | You | ܟܡܐ | You | σου | You | ||||||
| — | κατηγοροῦσιν.¶ | they accuse! | κατηγορουσιν | | | accusant | accusant | they accuse! | ܡܤܗܕܝܢ | they accuse! | καταμαρτυροῦσιν | they accuse! | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 1:54 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||