Urevangelium

Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.

Translation Lineage

Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.

Greek Papyri			Alexandrian		Western			Latin		Syriac		Byzantine
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT			Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT		Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin			Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker		Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith		Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT
οιP45		<the>	οἱ	<the>	οι	\|	haec	—	—	—	—	Οἱ	<the>
δεP45		And	δὲ	And	δε	\|	at	At	And	ܕܝܢ	but	δὲ	And
ηνεγκανP45		they brought it.	ἤνεγκαν.	they brought it.	ηνεγκαν	\|	illi	illi	they brought it.	ܠܗ	they brought it.	ἤνεγκαν	they brought it.
καιP45		And	καὶ	And	και	\|	attulerunt	attulerunt	And	ܐܡܪ	And	Καὶ	And
λεγειP45		He says	λέγει	He says	λεγει	\|	—	ei	He says	—	—	λέγει	He says
αυτοισP45		to them;	αὐτοῖς·	to them;	αυτοις	\|	et	Et	to them;	ܠܗܘܢ	to them;	αὐτοῖς	to them;
τινοσP45		Of whom is	τίνος	Of whom is	τινος	\|	ait	ait	Of whom is	ܕܡܢܘ	Of whom is	Τίνος	Of whom is
ηP45		<the>	ἡ	<the>	η	\|	superscriptio	—	—	—	—	ἡ	<the>
εικωνP45		likeness	εἰκὼν	likeness	εικων	\|	illis	illis	likeness	ܨܠܡܐ	likeness	εἰκὼν	likeness
αυτηP45		this	αὕτη	this	αυτη	\|	cuius	Cujus	this	ܗܢܐ	this	αὕτη	this
καιP45		and	καὶ	and	και	\|	est	est	and	ܘܟܬܒܐ	and	καὶ	and
ηP45		the	ἡ	the	η	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ἡ	the
επιγραφηP45		inscription?	ἐπιγραφή;	inscription?	επιγραφη	\|	imago	imago	inscription?	ܗܢܘܢ	inscription?	ἐπιγραφή	inscription?
οιP45		<the>	οἱ	<the>	—	\|	illi	—	—	—	—	Οἱ	<the>
δεP45		And	δὲ	And	—	\|	—	hæc	And	ܕܝܢ	but	δὲ	And
ειπονP45		they said	εἶπαν	they said	ειπαν	\|	et	et	they said	ܕܝܢ	they said	εἶπον	they said
καισαροσP45		to Him;	αὐτῷ·	to Him;	αυτω	\|	caesaris	inscriptio	to Him;	ܐܡܪܘ	to Him;	αὐτῷ	to Him;
Καίσαρος.P45		Caesar’s.	Καίσαρος.	Caesar’s.	καισαρος	\|	dicunt	Dicunt	Caesar’s.	ܕܩܤܪ	Caesar’s.	Καίσαρος	Caesar’s.
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Greek Papyri	Alexandrian	Western	Latin	Byzantine
οιP45		<the>	οἱ	<the>	οι	\|	haec	—	—	—	—	Οἱ	<the>
δεP45		And	δὲ	And	δε	\|	at	At	And	ܕܝܢ	but	δὲ	And
ηνεγκανP45		they brought it.	ἤνεγκαν.	they brought it.	ηνεγκαν	\|	illi	illi	they brought it.	ܠܗ	they brought it.	ἤνεγκαν	they brought it.
καιP45		And	καὶ	And	και	\|	attulerunt	attulerunt	And	ܐܡܪ	And	Καὶ	And
λεγειP45		He says	λέγει	He says	λεγει	\|	—	ei	He says	—	—	λέγει	He says
αυτοισP45		to them;	αὐτοῖς·	to them;	αυτοις	\|	et	Et	to them;	ܠܗܘܢ	to them;	αὐτοῖς	to them;
τινοσP45		Of whom is	τίνος	Of whom is	τινος	\|	ait	ait	Of whom is	ܕܡܢܘ	Of whom is	Τίνος	Of whom is
ηP45		<the>	ἡ	<the>	η	\|	superscriptio	—	—	—	—	ἡ	<the>
εικωνP45		likeness	εἰκὼν	likeness	εικων	\|	illis	illis	likeness	ܨܠܡܐ	likeness	εἰκὼν	likeness
αυτηP45		this	αὕτη	this	αυτη	\|	cuius	Cujus	this	ܗܢܐ	this	αὕτη	this
καιP45		and	καὶ	and	και	\|	est	est	and	ܘܟܬܒܐ	and	καὶ	and
ηP45		the	ἡ	the	η	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ἡ	the
επιγραφηP45		inscription?	ἐπιγραφή;	inscription?	επιγραφη	\|	imago	imago	inscription?	ܗܢܘܢ	inscription?	ἐπιγραφή	inscription?
οιP45		<the>	οἱ	<the>	—	\|	illi	—	—	—	—	Οἱ	<the>
δεP45		And	δὲ	And	—	\|	—	hæc	And	ܕܝܢ	but	δὲ	And
ειπονP45		they said	εἶπαν	they said	ειπαν	\|	et	et	they said	ܕܝܢ	they said	εἶπον	they said
καισαροσP45		to Him;	αὐτῷ·	to Him;	αυτω	\|	caesaris	inscriptio	to Him;	ܐܡܪܘ	to Him;	αὐτῷ	to Him;
Καίσαρος.P45		Caesar’s.	Καίσαρος.	Caesar’s.	καισαρος	\|	dicunt	Dicunt	Caesar’s.	ܕܩܤܪ	Caesar’s.	Καίσαρος	Caesar’s.
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Greek Papyri

Alexandrian

Western

Latin

Syriac

Byzantine

Earliest Papyri

c. 125–250 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Vaticanus

c. 325 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Bezae

c. 400 CE · Greek

Latin

Vulgate

c. 400 CE · Latin

Whitaker

Peshitta

c. 400–450 CE · Syriac

PayneSmith

Byzantine

c. 5th–9th c. · Greek

TAGNT

οιP45

<the>

οἱ

<the>

οι

haec

—

Οἱ

<the>

δεP45

And

δὲ

And

δε

And

ܕܝܢ

but

δὲ

And

ηνεγκανP45

they brought it.

ἤνεγκαν.

they brought it.

ηνεγκαν

illi

they brought it.

ܠܗ

they brought it.

ἤνεγκαν

they brought it.

καιP45

And

καὶ

And

και

attulerunt

And

ܐܡܪ

And

Καὶ

And

λεγειP45

He says

λέγει

He says

λεγει

—

He says

—

λέγει

He says

αυτοισP45

to them;

αὐτοῖς·

to them;

αυτοις

to them;

ܠܗܘܢ

to them;

αὐτοῖς

to them;

τινοσP45

Of whom is

τίνος

Of whom is

τινος

ait

Of whom is

ܕܡܢܘ

Of whom is

Τίνος

Of whom is

ηP45

<the>

ἡ

<the>

superscriptio

—

ἡ

<the>

εικωνP45

likeness

εἰκὼν

likeness

εικων

illis

likeness

ܨܠܡܐ

likeness

εἰκὼν

likeness

αυτηP45

this

αὕτη

this

αυτη

cuius

Cujus

this

ܗܢܐ

this

αὕτη

this

καιP45

and

καὶ

and

και

est

and

ܘܟܬܒܐ

and

καὶ

and

ηP45

the

ἡ

the

—

ἡ

the

επιγραφηP45

inscription?

ἐπιγραφή;

inscription?

επιγραφη

imago

inscription?

ܗܢܘܢ

inscription?

ἐπιγραφή

inscription?

οιP45

<the>

οἱ

<the>

—

illi

—

Οἱ

<the>

δεP45

And

δὲ

And

—

hæc

And

ܕܝܢ

but

δὲ

And

ειπονP45

they said

εἶπαν

they said

ειπαν

they said

ܕܝܢ

they said

εἶπον

they said

καισαροσP45

to Him;

αὐτῷ·

to Him;

αυτω

caesaris

inscriptio

to Him;

ܐܡܪܘ

to Him;

αὐτῷ

to Him;

Καίσαρος.P45

Caesar’s.

Καίσαρος.

Caesar’s.

καισαρος

dicunt

Dicunt

Caesar’s.

ܕܩܤܪ

Caesar’s.

Καίσαρος

Caesar’s.

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Mark 12:16

Translation Lineage

Urevangelium

Mark 12:16

Translation Lineage