The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | εὐκοπώτερόν | Easier | — | | | facilius | Facilius | Easier | ܦܫܝܩ | Easier | Εὐκοπώτερόν | Easier | ||||||
| — | ἐστιν | it is | — | | | est | est | it is | ܗܘ | it is | ἐστιν | it is | ||||||
| — | κάμηλον | for a camel | — | | | camellum | camelum | for a camel | ܠܓܡܠܐ | for a camel | κάμηλον | for a camel | ||||||
| — | διὰ | through | δια | | | per | per | through | — | — | διὰ | through | ||||||
| — | τῆς | the | — | | | di | — | — | — | — | τῆς | the | ||||||
| — | τρυμαλιᾶς | eye | — | | | foramen | foramen | eye | ܕܢܥܘܠ | eye | τρυμαλιᾶς | eye | ||||||
| — | τῆς | of the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῆς | of the | ||||||
| — | ῥαφίδος | needle | ραφιδος | | | acus | acus | needle | ܒܚܪܘܪܐ | needle | ῥαφίδος | needle | ||||||
| — | διελθεῖν | to pass | — | | | transire | transire | to pass | ܕܡܚܛܐ | to pass | εἰσελθεῖν | to pass | ||||||
| — | ἢ | than for | η | | | quam | — | — | — | — | ἢ | than for | ||||||
| — | πλούσιον | a rich man | — | | | diues | divitem | a rich man | ܥܬܝܪܐ | a rich man | πλούσιον | a rich man | ||||||
| — | εἰς | into | εις | | | in | intrare | into | — | — | εἰς | into | ||||||
| — | τὴν | the | την | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὴν | the | ||||||
| — | βασιλείαν | kingdom | βασιλειαν | | | — | in | kingdom | ܠܡܠܟܘܬܗ | kingdom | βασιλείαν | kingdom | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | <the> | του | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | ||||||
| — | θεοῦ | of God | θυ | | | regnum | regnum | of God | ܕܐܠܗܐ | of God | θεοῦ | of God | ||||||
| — | εἰσελθεῖν. | to enter. | — | | | — | Dei | to enter. | ܠܡܥܠ | to enter. | εἰσελθεῖν | to enter. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 11:27 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||