The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ειπενP45 · P75 | He said | Εἶπεν | He said | ειπεν | | | alium | Ait | He said | ܘܐܡܪ | He said | Εἶπεν | He said | |||||
δεP45 · P75 | then | δὲ | then | δε | | | autem | autem | then | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | then | |||||
προσP45 · P75 | to | πρὸς | to | προς | | | ad | ad | to | ܬܐ | to | πρὸς | to | |||||
ετερονP45 · P75 | another; | ἕτερον· | another; | ετερον | | | ad | alterum | another; | ܒܬܪܝ | another; | ἕτερον | another; | |||||
ακολουθειP45 · P75 | do follow | ἀκολούθει | do follow | ακολουθι | | | sequere | Sequere | do follow | ܗܘ | do follow | Ἀκολούθει | do follow | |||||
μοιP45 · P75 | Me. | μοι. | Me. | μοι | | | me | me | Me. | ܕܝܢ | Me. | μοι | Me. | |||||
οP45 · P75 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | ille | — | — | — | — | Ὁ | <the> | |||||
δεP45 · P75 | But | δὲ | But | δε | | | autem | autem | But | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | But | |||||
ειπενP45 · P75 | he said; | εἶπεν· | he said; | ειπεν | | | dixit | dixit | he said; | — | — | εἶπεν | he said; | |||||
κεP45 · P75 | Lord | κύριε, | Lord | — | | | dixit | Domine | Lord | ܠܗ | Lord | Κύριε | Lord | |||||
επιτρεψονP45 · P75 | do allow | ἐπίτρεψόν | do allow | επιτρεψον | | | permitte | permitte | do allow | ܡܪܝ | do allow | ἐπίτρεψόν | do allow | |||||
μοιP45 · P75 | me | μοι | me | μοι | | | mihi | mihi | me | ܐܦܤ | me | μοι | me | |||||
απελθοντιP45 · P75 | having gone away | ἀπελθόντι | having gone away | — | | | primum | primum | having gone away | ܠܝ | having gone away | ἀπελθόντι | having gone away | |||||
πρωτονP45 · P75 | first | πρῶτον | first | πρωτον | | | — | ire | first | ܠܘܩܕܡ | first | πρῶτον | first | |||||
θαψαιP45 · P75 | to bury | θάψαι | to bury | θαψαι | | | et | et | to bury | ܐܙܠ | to bury | θάψαι | to bury | |||||
τονP45 · P75 | the | τὸν | the | τον | | | sepeliam | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | |||||
πραP45 · P75 | father | πατέρα | father | πατερα | | | patrem | patrem | father | ܐܩܒܘܪ | father | πατέρα | father | |||||
μουP45 · P75 | of mine. | μου.¶ | of mine. | μου | | | meum | meum | of mine. | ܐܒܝ | of mine. | μου | of mine. | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||