The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
καιP75 | And | Καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܗܘܐ | And | Καὶ | And | |||||
εγενετοP75 | it came to pass | ἐγένετο | it came to pass | εγενετο | | | factum | factum | it came to pass | ܡܢ | it came to pass | ἐγένετο | it came to pass | |||||
ενP75 | afterward | ἐν | afterward | εν | | | est | est | afterward | — | — | ἐν | afterward | |||||
τωP75 | <the> | τῷ | <the> | τω | | | illo | — | — | — | — | τῷ | <the> | |||||
καθεξησP75 | soon | καθεξῆς | soon | καθεξης | | | dei | deinceps | soon | ܒܬܪ | soon | καθεξῆς | soon | |||||
καιP75 | that | καὶ | that | και | | | et | et | that | ܗܠܝܢ | that | καὶ | that | |||||
αυτοσP75 | He himself | αὐτὸς | He himself | αυτος | | | ipse | ipse | He himself | ܡܬܟܪܟ | He himself | αὐτὸς | He himself | |||||
διωδευενP75 | was traveling | διώδευεν | was traveling | διωδευεν | | | incontinenti | iter | was traveling | ܗܘܐ | was traveling | διώδευεν | was traveling | |||||
καταP75 | throughout | κατὰ | throughout | κατα | | | — | faciebat | throughout | — | — | κατὰ | throughout | |||||
πολινP75 | city | πόλιν | city | πολιν | | | circuibat | per | city | ܝܫܘܥ | city | πόλιν | city | |||||
καιP75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | ciuitatem | civitates | and | ܒܡܕܝܢܬܐ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
κωμηνP75 | village | κώμην | village | κωμην | | | et | et | village | ܘܒܩܘܪܝܐ | village | κώμην | village | |||||
κηρυσσωνP75 | preaching | κηρύσσων | preaching | κηρυσσων | | | castellum | castella | preaching | ܘܡܟܪܙ | preaching | κηρύσσων | preaching | |||||
καιP75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | — | prædicans | and | — | — | καὶ | and | |||||
ευαγγελιζομενοσP75 | evangelising | εὐαγγελιζόμενος | evangelising | ευαγγελιζομενος | | | et | et | evangelising | ܗܘܐ | evangelising | εὐαγγελιζόμενος | evangelising | |||||
τηνP75 | of the | τὴν | of the | την | | | circa | — | — | — | — | τὴν | of the | |||||
βασιλειανP75 | kingdom | βασιλείαν | kingdom | βασιλειαν | | | euangelizans | evangelizans | kingdom | ܘܡܤܒܪ | kingdom | βασιλείαν | kingdom | |||||
τουP75 | <the> | τοῦ | <the> | του | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | |||||
θυP75 | of God | θεοῦ | of God | θυ | | | regnum | regnum | of God | ܡܠܟܘܬܐ | of God | θεοῦ | of God | |||||
καιP75 | And | καὶ | And | και | | | praedicans | Dei | And | ܕܐܠܗܐ | And | καὶ | And | |||||
οιP75 | the | οἱ | the | οι | | | — | — | — | — | — | οἱ | the | |||||
συνP75 | Twelve | δώδεκα | Twelve | — | | | et | et | Twelve | — | — | δώδεκα | Twelve | |||||
αυτωP75 | were with | σὺν | were with | — | | | xii | duodecim | were with | ܘܬܪܥܤܪܬܗ | were with | σὺν | were with | |||||
αὐτῷP75 | Him | αὐτῷ | Him | — | | | cum | cum | Him | ܥܡܗ | Him | αὐτῷ | Him | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||