The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
συγκαλεσαμενοσP75 | Having called together | Συγκαλεσάμενος | Having called together | — | | | conuocans | Convocatis | Having called together | ܘܩܪܐ | Having called together | Συγκαλεσάμενος | Having called together | |||||
δεP75 | then | δὲ | then | δε | | | autem | autem | then | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | then | |||||
τουσP75 | the | τοὺς | the | τους | | | xii | — | — | — | — | τοὺς | the | |||||
εδωκενP75 | Twelve | δώδεκα | Twelve | — | | | — | duodecim | Twelve | — | — | δώδεκα | Twelve | |||||
αυτοισP75 | disciples | μαθητὰς | disciples | — | | | eis | Apostolis | disciples | ܠܬܪܥܤܪܬܗ | disciples | ἔδωκεν | disciples | |||||
δυναμινP75 | of him | αὑτοῦ, | of him | — | | | dedit | dedit | of him | ܘܝܗܒ | of him | αὐτοῖς | of him | |||||
καιP75 | He gave | ἔδωκεν | He gave | εδωκεν | | | — | illis | He gave | ܠܗܘܢ | He gave | δύναμιν | He gave | |||||
εξουσιανP75 | to them | αὐτοῖς | to them | αυτοις | | | uirtutem | virtutem | to them | — | — | καὶ | to them | |||||
επιP75 | power | δύναμιν | power | δυναμιν | | | et | et | power | ܚܝܠܐ | power | ἐξουσίαν | power | |||||
πανταP75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | potestatem | potestatem | and | ܘܫܘܠܛܢܐ | and | ἐπὶ | and | |||||
δαιμονιαP75 | authority | ἐξουσίαν | authority | εξουσιαν | | | super | super | authority | — | — | πάντα | authority | |||||
καιP75 | over | ἐπὶ | over | επι | | | omne | omnia | over | ܥܠ | over | τὰ | over | |||||
νοσουσP75 | all | πάντα | all | — | | | — | dæmonia | all | ܟܠܗܘܢ | all | δαιμόνια | all | |||||
θεραπευεινP75 | the | τὰ | the | — | | | daemonium | — | — | — | — | καὶ | the | |||||
δαιμόνιαP75 | demons | δαιμόνια | demons | — | | | et | et | demons | ܫܐܕܐ | demons | νόσους | demons | |||||
καὶP75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | — | ut | and | — | — | θεραπεύειν | and | |||||
νόσουςP75 | diseases | νόσους | diseases | νοσους | | | infirmitates | languores | diseases | ܘܟܘܪܗܢܐ | diseases | νόσους | diseases | |||||
θεραπεύεινP75 | to heal | θεραπεύειν | to heal | θεραπευειν | | | curare | curarent | to heal | ܠܡܐܤܝܘ | to heal | θεραπεύειν | to heal | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||