The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
στραφεισP45 · P75 | Having turned | στραφεὶς | Having turned | στραφεις | | | et | Et | Having turned | ܘܐܬܦܢܝ | Having turned | Στραφεὶς | Having turned | |||||
δεP45 · P75 | then | δὲ | then | δε | | | conuersus | conversus | then | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | then | |||||
επετειμησενP45 · P75 | He rebuked | ἐπετίμησεν | He rebuked | επετειμησεν | | | autem | — | — | ܒܗܘܢ | He rebuked | ἐπετίμησεν | He rebuked | |||||
αυτοισP45 · P75 | them | αὐτοῖς | them | αυτοις | | | increpauit | increpavit | them | — | — | αὐτοῖς | them | |||||
καὶP45 · P75 | and | ····· | — | — | | | — | illos | and | ܘܐܡܪ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
εἶπεν,P45 · P75 | said | ····· | — | — | | | — | — | — | ܠܐ | said | εἶπεν | said | |||||
οὐκP45 · P75 | not | ····· | — | — | | | — | dicens | not | ܝܕܥܝܢ | not | Οὐκ | not | |||||
οἰδατεP45 · P75 | you know | ····· | — | — | | | nescitis | Nescitis | you know | ܐܢܬܘܢ | you know | οἴδατε | you know | |||||
οἵουP45 · P75 | such as | ····· | — | — | | | cuius | cujus | such as | — | — | οἵου | such as | |||||
πνεύματόςP45 · P75 | spirit | ····· | — | — | | | — | — | — | ܕܐܝܕܐ | spirit | πνεύματός | spirit | |||||
ἐστεP45 · P75 | are | ····· | — | — | | | spiritui | spiritus | are | ܐܢܬܘܢ | are | ἐστε | are | |||||
ὑμεῖς.P45 · P75 | you yourselves. | ····· | — | — | | | estis | estis | you yourselves. | ܪܘܚܐ | you yourselves. | ὑμεῖς | you yourselves. | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||