The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ειπενP45 · P75 | and | Καὶ | and | — | | | dixit | Et | and | ܐܡܪ | and | Καὶ | and | |||||
δεP45 · P75 | Said | Εἶπεν | Said | ειπεν | | | — | ait | Said | ܠܗܘܢ | Said | εἶπεν | Said | |||||
προσP45 · P75 | then | δὲ | then | δε | | | autem | ad | then | ܕܝܢ | but | πρὸς | then | |||||
αυτονP45 · P75 | to | πρὸς | to | — | | | — | illum | to | ܝܫܘܥ | to | αὐτὸν | to | |||||
οP45 · P75 | him | αὐτὸν | him | — | | | ihs | Jesus | him | ܠܐ | him | ὁ | him | |||||
ιηP45 · P75 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | eum | — | — | — | — | Ἰησοῦς | <the> | |||||
μηP45 · P75 | Jesus; | Ἰησοῦς· | Jesus; | — | | | nolite | Nolite | Jesus; | — | — | Μὴ | Jesus; | |||||
κωλυετεP45 · P75 | Not | μὴ | Not | μη | | | prohibere | prohibere | Not | ܬܟܠܘܢ | Not | κωλύετε | Not | |||||
ουP45 · P75 | do forbid; | κωλύετε· | do forbid; | κωλυετε | | | qui | qui | do forbid; | ܡܢ | do forbid; | ὃς | do forbid; | |||||
γαρP45 · P75 | whoever | ὃς | whoever | ος | | | — | — | — | — | — | γὰρ | whoever | |||||
εστινP45 · P75 | for | γὰρ | for | γαρ | | | enim | enim | for | ܓܝܪ | for | οὐκ | for | |||||
καθP45 · P75 | not | οὐκ | not | ουκ | | | non | non | not | ܕܠܐ | not | ἔστιν | not | |||||
υμωνP45 · P75 | is | ἔστιν | is | εστιν | | | es | est | is | — | — | καθ’ | is | |||||
ουδεP45 · P75 | against | καθ᾽ | against | καθ | | | contra | adversum | against | ܗܘܐ | against | ἡμῶν | against | |||||
υπερP45 · P75 | you | ὑμῶν | you | υμων | | | uos | vos | you | ܠܘܩܒܠܟܘܢ | you | ὑπὲρ | you | |||||
υμωνP45 · P75 | for | ὑπὲρ | for | ϋπερ | | | pro | pro | for | — | — | ἡμῶν | for | |||||
ὑμῶνP45 · P75 | you | ὑμῶν | you | ϋμων | | | uobis | vobis | you | ܚܠܦܝܟܘܢ | you | ἐστιν | you | |||||
ἐστιν.¶P45 · P75 | is. | ἐστιν.¶ | is. | εστιν | | | est | est | is. | ܗܘ | is. | ἐστιν.¶ | is. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||