The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
καιP75 | And | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܫܪܝܘ | And | Καὶ | And | |||||
ηρξαντοP75 | began | ἤρξαντο | began | ηρξαντο | | | coeperunt | cœperunt | began | ܕܝܢ | began | ἤρξαντο | began | |||||
οιP75 | those | οἱ | those | οι | | | qui | — | — | — | — | οἱ | those | |||||
συνανακειμενοιP75 | reclining | συνανακείμενοι | reclining | συνανακειμενοι | | | simul | simul | reclining | ܗܢܘܢ | reclining | συνανακείμενοι | reclining | |||||
λεγεινP75 | to say | λέγειν | to say | λεγειν | | | recumbebant | accumbebant | to say | — | — | λέγειν | to say | |||||
ενP75 | within | ἐν | within | εν | | | dicere | dicere | within | ܕܤܡܝܟܝܢ | within | ἐν | within | |||||
εαυτοισP75 | themselves; | ἑαυτοῖς· | themselves; | εαυτοις | | | — | intra | themselves; | ܐܡܪܝܢ | themselves; | ἑαυτοῖς | themselves; | |||||
τισP75 | Who | τίς | Who | τις | | | se | se | Who | ܒܢܦܫܗܘܢ | Who | Τίς | Who | |||||
ουτοσP75 | this | οὗτός | this | — | | | quis | Quis | this | ܡܢܘ | this | οὗτός | this | |||||
εστινP75 | is | ἐστιν | is | εστιν | | | est | est | is | ܗܢܐ | is | ἐστιν | is | |||||
οσP75 | who | ὃς | who | ος | | | hic | hic | who | — | — | ὃς | who | |||||
καιP75 | even | καὶ | even | και | | | qui | qui | even | ܕܐܦ | even | καὶ | even | |||||
αμαρτιασP75 | sins | ἁμαρτίας | sins | αμαρτιας | | | et | etiam | sins | ܚܛܗܐ | sins | ἁμαρτίας | sins | |||||
αφιησινP75 | forgives? | ἀφίησιν; | forgives? | αφιησιν | | | peccata | peccata | forgives? | ܫܒܩ | forgives? | ἀφίησιν | forgives? | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||