The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
αλλαP66 · P75 | But | ἀλλ᾽ | But | — | | | sed | sed | But | ܐܠܐ | But | Ἀλλ’ | But | |||||
οP66 · P75 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | sunt | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | |||||
οχλοσP66 · P75 | crowd | ὄχλος | crowd | οχλος | | | turba | turba | crowd | ܐܢ | crowd | ὄχλος | crowd | |||||
ουτοσP66 · P75 | this | οὗτος | this | ουτος | | | haec | hæc | this | ܥܡܐ | this | οὗτος | this | |||||
οP66 · P75 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | |||||
μηP66 · P75 | not | μὴ | not | μη | | | quae | quæ | not | ܗܢܐ | not | μὴ | not | |||||
γινωσκωνP66 · P75 | knowing | γινώσκων | knowing | γεινωσκων | | | — | non | knowing | ܕܠܐ | knowing | γινώσκων | knowing | |||||
τονP66 · P75 | the | τὸν | the | τον | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | |||||
νομονP66 · P75 | law | νόμον | law | νομον | | | nescit | novit | law | ܝܕܥ | law | νόμον | law | |||||
επαρατοιP66 · P75 | cursed | ἐπάρατοί | cursed | — | | | legem | legem | cursed | ܢܡܘܤܐ | cursed | ἐπικατάρατοί | cursed | |||||
εισινP66 · P75 | are. | εἰσιν. | are. | εισιν | | | maledicti | maledicti | are. | ܠܝܛܝܢ | are. | εἰσιν | are. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||