The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
εληλυθενP82 | Has come | ἐλήλυθεν | Has come | εληλυθεν | | | uenit | Venit | Has come | ܐܬܐ | Has come | ἐλήλυθεν | Has come | |||||
οP82 | the | ὁ | the | ο | | | peccatorum | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | |||||
υιοσP82 | Son | υἱὸς | Son | ϋιος | | | filius | Filius | Son | ܒܪܗ | Son | υἱὸς | Son | |||||
τουP82 | <the> | τοῦ | <the> | του | | | edens | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | |||||
ανθρωπουP82 | of Man | ἀνθρώπου | of Man | ανθρωπου | | | hominis | hominis | of Man | ܕܐܢܫܐ | of Man | ἀνθρώπου | of Man | |||||
εσθιωνP82 | eating | ἐσθίων | eating | — | | | manducator | manducans | eating | ܐܟܠ | eating | ἐσθίων | eating | |||||
καιP82 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | — | — | καὶ | and | |||||
πινωνP82 | drinking, | πίνων, | drinking, | πεινων | | | — | bibens | drinking, | ܘܫܬܐ | drinking, | πίνων | drinking, | |||||
καιP82 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܘܐܡܪܝܢ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
λεγεταιP82 | you say; | λέγετε· | you say; | λεγετε | | | dicitis | dicitis | you say; | ܐܢܬܘܢ | you say; | λέγετε | you say; | |||||
ιδουP82 | Behold | ἰδοὺ | Behold | ϊδου | | | ecce | Ecce | Behold | ܗܐ | behold | Ἰδού | Behold | |||||
ἄνθρωποςP82 | a man | ἄνθρωπος | a man | ανθρωπος | | | homo | homo | a man | ܓܒܪܐ | a man | ἄνθρωπος | a man | |||||
φάγοςP82 | a glutton | φάγος | a glutton | φαγος | | | — | devorator | a glutton | ܐܟܘܠܐ | a glutton | φάγος | a glutton | |||||
καὶP82 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܘܫܬܐ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
οἰνοπότης,P82 | a drunkard, | οἰνοπότης, | a drunkard, | οινοποτης | | | uibens | bibens | a drunkard, | — | — | οἰνοπότης | a drunkard, | |||||
φίλοςP82 | a friend | φίλος | a friend | φιλος | | | uinipotator | vinum | a friend | ܚܡܪܐ | a friend | φίλος | a friend | |||||
τελωνῶνP82 | of tax collectors | τελωνῶν | of tax collectors | τελωνων | | | amicus | amicus | of tax collectors | ܘܪܚܡܐ | of tax collectors | τελωνῶν | of tax collectors | |||||
καὶP82 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | publicanorum | publicanorum | and | ܕܡܟܤܐ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
ἁμαρτωλῶν.P82 | of sinners. | ἁμαρτωλῶν. | of sinners. | αμαρτωλων | | | et | et | of sinners. | ܘܕܚܛܝܐ | of sinners. | ἁμαρτωλῶν | of sinners. | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||