The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
καιP75 | And | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܟܠܗ | And | Καὶ | And | |||||
πασP75 | all | πᾶς | all | πας | | | omnis | omnis | all | ܥܡܐ | all | πᾶς | all | |||||
οP75 | the | ὁ | the | ο | | | ds | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | |||||
λαοσP75 | people | λαὸς | people | λαος | | | populus | populus | people | ܕܫܡܥܘ | people | λαὸς | people | |||||
ακουσασP75 | having heard | ἀκούσας | having heard | ακουσας | | | audiens | audiens | having heard | ܐܦ | having heard | ἀκούσας | having heard | |||||
καιP75 | even | καὶ | even | και | | | et | et | even | ܡܟܤܐ | even | καὶ | even | |||||
οιP75 | the | οἱ | the | οι | | | — | — | — | — | — | οἱ | the | |||||
τελωναιP75 | tax collectors | τελῶναι | tax collectors | τελω ναι | | | publicani | publicani | tax collectors | — | — | τελῶναι | tax collectors | |||||
εδικαιωσανP75 | declared as righteous | ἐδικαίωσαν | declared as righteous | — | | | iustificabit | justificaverunt | declared as righteous | ܙܕܩܘ | declared as righteous | ἐδικαίωσαν | declared as righteous | |||||
τονP75 | <the> | τὸν | <the> | τον | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸν | <the> | |||||
θνP75 | God | θεὸν | God | θν | | | — | Deum | God | ܠܐܠܗܐ | God | θεόν | God | |||||
βαπτισθεντεσP75 | having been baptized with | βαπτισθέντες | having been baptized with | βαπτισθεντες | | | baptizati | baptizati | having been baptized with | ܕܥܡܕܘ | having been baptized with | βαπτισθέντες | having been baptized with | |||||
τοP75 | the | τὸ | the | το | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | |||||
βαπτισμαP75 | baptism | βάπτισμα | baptism | βαπτισμα | | | baptisma | baptismo | baptism | ܡܥܡܘܕܝܬܗ | baptism | βάπτισμα | baptism | |||||
ιωανουP75 | of John. | Ἰωάννου. | of John. | — | | | iohanis | Joannis | of John. | ܕܝܘܚܢܢ | of John. | Ἰωάννου | of John. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||