Urevangelium

Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.

Translation Lineage

Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.

Greek Papyri			Alexandrian		Western			Latin		Syriac		Byzantine
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT			Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT		Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin			Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker		Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith		Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT
		—	ἐπὶ	during	επι	\|	su	sub	under	ܒܪܒܘܬ	during	ἐπὶ	during
		—	ἀρχιερέως	the high priesthood	αρχιερεως	\|	principe	principibus	?	ܟܗܢܘܬܐ	the high priesthood	ἀρχιερέως	the high priesthood
		—	Ἅννα	of Annas	αννα	\|	sacerdotum	sacerdotum	?	ܕܚܢܢ	of Annas	Ἄννα	of Annas
		—	καὶ	and	και	\|	anna	Anna	?	—	—	καὶ	and
		—	Καϊάφα,	Caiaphas,	—	\|	et	et	and	ܘܕܩܝܦܐ	Caiaphas,	Καϊάφα	Caiaphas,
		—	ἐγένετο	came	εγενετο	\|	caipha	Caipha	?	ܗܘܬ	came	ἐγένετο	came
		—	ῥῆμα	the declaration	ρημα	\|	factum	factum	?	ܡܠܬܐ	the declaration	ῥῆμα	the declaration
		—	θεοῦ	of God	θυ	\|	est	est	is	ܕܐܠܗܐ	of God	θεοῦ	of God
		—	ἐπὶ	upon	επι	\|	uerbum	verbum	word	ܥܠ	upon	ἐπὶ	upon
		—	Ἰωάννην	John	—	\|	dmi	Domini	of the Lord	ܝܘܚܢܢ	John	Ἰωάννην	John
		—	τὸν	the	τον	\|	in	—	—	—	—	τὸν	the
		—	τοῦ	<the>	—	\|	deserto	—	—	—	—	Ζαχαρίου	<the>
		—	Ζαχαρίου	of Zechariah	ζαχαριου	\|	—	Joannem	?	—	—	υἱὸν	of Zechariah
		—	υἱὸν	son	ϋιον	\|	ad	Zachari	?	ܒܪ	son	ἐν	son
		—	ἐν	in	εν	\|	zachariae	filium	son	ܙܟܪܝܐ	in	τῇ	in
		—	τῇ	the	τη	\|	iohanen	in	in	—	—	ἐρήμῳ	the
		—	ἐρήμῳ.	wilderness.	ερημω	\|	filium	deserto	?	ܒܚܘܪܒܐ	wilderness.	ἐρήμῳ.	wilderness.
	Next Fragment: Luke 3:8
	See 65 Earliest Papyri

Trace Your New Testament Back to the Gospel Sources

See how the Four Gospels in the Bible you read today connect to the Greek, Latin, Syriac, and Byzantine witnesses shown above.

Alexandrian	Western	Latin	Byzantine
	—	ἐπὶ	during	επι	\|	su	sub	under	ܒܪܒܘܬ	during	ἐπὶ	during
	—	ἀρχιερέως	the high priesthood	αρχιερεως	\|	principe	principibus	?	ܟܗܢܘܬܐ	the high priesthood	ἀρχιερέως	the high priesthood
	—	Ἅννα	of Annas	αννα	\|	sacerdotum	sacerdotum	?	ܕܚܢܢ	of Annas	Ἄννα	of Annas
	—	καὶ	and	και	\|	anna	Anna	?	—	—	καὶ	and
	—	Καϊάφα,	Caiaphas,	—	\|	et	et	and	ܘܕܩܝܦܐ	Caiaphas,	Καϊάφα	Caiaphas,
	—	ἐγένετο	came	εγενετο	\|	caipha	Caipha	?	ܗܘܬ	came	ἐγένετο	came
	—	ῥῆμα	the declaration	ρημα	\|	factum	factum	?	ܡܠܬܐ	the declaration	ῥῆμα	the declaration
	—	θεοῦ	of God	θυ	\|	est	est	is	ܕܐܠܗܐ	of God	θεοῦ	of God
	—	ἐπὶ	upon	επι	\|	uerbum	verbum	word	ܥܠ	upon	ἐπὶ	upon
	—	Ἰωάννην	John	—	\|	dmi	Domini	of the Lord	ܝܘܚܢܢ	John	Ἰωάννην	John
	—	τὸν	the	τον	\|	in	—	—	—	—	τὸν	the
	—	τοῦ	<the>	—	\|	deserto	—	—	—	—	Ζαχαρίου	<the>
	—	Ζαχαρίου	of Zechariah	ζαχαριου	\|	—	Joannem	?	—	—	υἱὸν	of Zechariah
	—	υἱὸν	son	ϋιον	\|	ad	Zachari	?	ܒܪ	son	ἐν	son
	—	ἐν	in	εν	\|	zachariae	filium	son	ܙܟܪܝܐ	in	τῇ	in
	—	τῇ	the	τη	\|	iohanen	in	in	—	—	ἐρήμῳ	the
	—	ἐρήμῳ.	wilderness.	ερημω	\|	filium	deserto	?	ܒܚܘܪܒܐ	wilderness.	ἐρήμῳ.	wilderness.
Next Fragment: Luke 3:8
See 65 Earliest Papyri

Greek Papyri

Alexandrian

Western

Latin

Syriac

Byzantine

Earliest Papyri

c. 125–250 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Vaticanus

c. 325 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Bezae

c. 400 CE · Greek

Latin

Vulgate

c. 400 CE · Latin

Whitaker

Peshitta

c. 400–450 CE · Syriac

PayneSmith

Byzantine

c. 5th–9th c. · Greek

TAGNT

—

ἐπὶ

during

επι

sub

under

ܒܪܒܘܬ

during

ἐπὶ

during

—

ἀρχιερέως

the high priesthood

αρχιερεως

principe

principibus

ܟܗܢܘܬܐ

the high priesthood

ἀρχιερέως

the high priesthood

—

Ἅννα

of Annas

αννα

sacerdotum

ܕܚܢܢ

of Annas

Ἄννα

of Annas

—

καὶ

and

και

anna

Anna

—

καὶ

and

—

Καϊάφα,

Caiaphas,

—

and

ܘܕܩܝܦܐ

Caiaphas,

Καϊάφα

Caiaphas,

—

ἐγένετο

came

εγενετο

caipha

Caipha

ܗܘܬ

came

ἐγένετο

came

—

ῥῆμα

the declaration

ρημα

factum

ܡܠܬܐ

the declaration

ῥῆμα

the declaration

—

θεοῦ

of God

θυ

est

ܕܐܠܗܐ

of God

θεοῦ

of God

—

ἐπὶ

upon

επι

uerbum

verbum

word

ܥܠ

upon

ἐπὶ

upon

—

Ἰωάννην

John

—

dmi

Domini

of the Lord

ܝܘܚܢܢ

John

Ἰωάννην

John

—

τὸν

the

τον

—

τὸν

the

—

τοῦ

<the>

—

deserto

—

Ζαχαρίου

<the>

—

Ζαχαρίου

of Zechariah

ζαχαριου

—

Joannem

—

υἱὸν

of Zechariah

—

υἱὸν

son

ϋιον

Zachari

ܒܪ

son

ἐν

son

—

ἐν

εν

zachariae

filium

son

ܙܟܪܝܐ

τῇ

—

τῇ

the

τη

iohanen

—

ἐρήμῳ

the

—

ἐρήμῳ.

wilderness.

ερημω

filium

deserto

ܒܚܘܪܒܐ

wilderness.

ἐρήμῳ.

wilderness.

Next Fragment: Luke 3:8

See 65 Earliest Papyri

Luke 3:2

Translation Lineage

Urevangelium

Luke 3:2

Translation Lineage