Urevangelium

Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.

Translation Lineage

Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.

Greek Papyri			Alexandrian		Western			Latin		Syriac		Byzantine
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT			Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT		Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin			Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker		Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith		Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT
		—	Ἐν	In	εν	\|	anno	Anno	In	ܒܫܢܬ	In	Ἐν	In
		—	ἔτει	year	ετι	\|	autem	autem	year	ܚܡܫܥܤܪܐ	year	ἔτει	year
		—	δὲ	then	δε	\|	quintodecimo	quintodecimo	then	ܕܝܢ	but	δὲ	then
		—	πεντεκαιδεκάτῳ	fifteenth	πεντεκαιδεκατω	\|	in	imperii	fifteenth	ܕܡܠܟܘܬܗ	fifteenth	πεντεκαιδεκάτῳ	fifteenth
		—	τῆς	of the	της	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τῆς	of the
		—	ἡγεμονίας	reign	ηγεμονιας	\|	tiberi	Tiberii	reign	ܕܛܝܒܪܝܘܤ	reign	ἡγεμονίας	reign
		—	Τιβερίου	of Tiberius	τιβεριου	\|	ducatus	Cæsaris	of Tiberius	ܩܤܪ	of Tiberius	Τιβερίου	of Tiberius
		—	Καίσαρος,	Caesar,	καισαρος	\|	procurante	procurante	Caesar,	ܒܗܓܡܢܘܬܐ	Caesar,	Καίσαρος	Caesar,
		—	ἡγεμονεύοντος	when is being governor	—	\|	pontio	Pontio	when is being governor	—	—	ἡγεμονεύοντος	when is being governor
		—	Ποντίου	Pontius	ποντιου	\|	pilato	Pilato	Pontius	ܕܦܢܛܝܘܤ	Pontius	Ποντίου	Pontius
		—	Πιλάτου	Pilate	πειλατου	\|	iudaeae	Judæam	Pilate	ܦܝܠܛܘܤ	Pilate	Πιλάτου	Pilate
		—	τῆς	<the>	της	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τῆς	<the>
		—	Ἰουδαίας	of Judea	ϊουδαιας	\|	—	tetrarcha	of Judea	ܒܝܗܘܕ	of Judea	Ἰουδαίας	of Judea
		—	καὶ	and	—	\|	autem	autem	and	ܟܕ	and	καὶ	and
		—	τετρααρχοῦντος	when is being tetrarch	—	\|	galilaeae	Galilææ	when is being tetrarch	ܪܫܐ	when is being tetrarch	τετραρχοῦντος	when is being tetrarch
		—	τῆς	<the>	—	\|	caesaris	—	—	—	—	τῆς	<the>
		—	Γαλιλαίας	of Galilee	—	\|	—	—	—	ܪܒܝܥܝܐ	of Galilee	Γαλιλαίας	of Galilee
		—	Ἡρῴδου,	Herod,	ηρωδου	\|	herode	Herode	Herod,	ܗܪܘܕܤ	Herod,	Ἡρῴδου	Herod,
		—	Φιλίππου	Philip	φιλιππου	\|	philippi	Philippo	Philip	ܒܓܠܝܠܐ	Philip	Φιλίππου	Philip
		—	δὲ	now	δε	\|	quaterducatus	autem	now	ܕܝܢ	but	δὲ	now
		—	τοῦ	the	του	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τοῦ	the
		—	ἀδελφοῦ	brother	αδελφου	\|	fratris	fratre	brother	ܐܚܘܗܝ	brother	ἀδελφοῦ	brother
		—	αὐτοῦ	when he	αυτου	\|	eius	ejus	when he	ܪܫܐ	when he	αὐτοῦ	when he
		—	τετρααρχοῦντος	is being tetrarch	—	\|	—	tetrarcha	is being tetrarch	ܪܒܝܥܝܐ	is being tetrarch	τετραρχοῦντος	is being tetrarch
		—	τῆς	<the>	της	\|	quaterducatus	—	—	—	—	τῆς	<the>
		—	Ἰτουραίας	of Ituraea	ιτουραιας	\|	itureae	Iturææ	of Ituraea	—	—	Ἰτουραίας	of Ituraea
		—	καὶ	and	—	\|	et	et	and	ܒܐܝܛܘܪܝܐ	and	καὶ	and
		—	Τραχωνίτιδος	of Trachonitis	—	\|	trachonitidis	Trachonitidis	of Trachonitis	ܘܒܐܬܪܐ	of Trachonitis	Τραχωνίτιδος	of Trachonitis
		—	χώρας	the region	—	\|	regionis	regionis	the region	ܕܛܪܟܘܢܐ	the region	χώρας	the region
		—	καὶ	and	—	\|	et	et	and	ܘܠܘܤܢܝܐ	and	καὶ	and
		—	Λυσανίου	Lysanias	—	\|	lysaniae	Lysania	Lysanias	ܪܫܐ	Lysanias	Λυσανίου	Lysanias
		—	τῆς	<the>	της	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τῆς	<the>
		—	Ἀβιληνῆς	of Abilene	—	\|	abillianetis	Abilinæ	of Abilene	ܪܒܝܥܝܐ	of Abilene	Ἀβιληνῆς	of Abilene
		—	τετρααρχοῦντος	being tetrarch	—	\|	quaterducatus	tetrarcha	being tetrarch	ܕܐܒܝܠܝܢܐ	being tetrarch	τετραρχοῦντος	being tetrarch
	Next Fragment: Luke 3:8
	See 65 Earliest Papyri

Trace Your New Testament Back to the Gospel Sources

See how the Four Gospels in the Bible you read today connect to the Greek, Latin, Syriac, and Byzantine witnesses shown above.

Alexandrian	Western	Latin	Byzantine
	—	Ἐν	In	εν	\|	anno	Anno	In	ܒܫܢܬ	In	Ἐν	In
	—	ἔτει	year	ετι	\|	autem	autem	year	ܚܡܫܥܤܪܐ	year	ἔτει	year
	—	δὲ	then	δε	\|	quintodecimo	quintodecimo	then	ܕܝܢ	but	δὲ	then
	—	πεντεκαιδεκάτῳ	fifteenth	πεντεκαιδεκατω	\|	in	imperii	fifteenth	ܕܡܠܟܘܬܗ	fifteenth	πεντεκαιδεκάτῳ	fifteenth
	—	τῆς	of the	της	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τῆς	of the
	—	ἡγεμονίας	reign	ηγεμονιας	\|	tiberi	Tiberii	reign	ܕܛܝܒܪܝܘܤ	reign	ἡγεμονίας	reign
	—	Τιβερίου	of Tiberius	τιβεριου	\|	ducatus	Cæsaris	of Tiberius	ܩܤܪ	of Tiberius	Τιβερίου	of Tiberius
	—	Καίσαρος,	Caesar,	καισαρος	\|	procurante	procurante	Caesar,	ܒܗܓܡܢܘܬܐ	Caesar,	Καίσαρος	Caesar,
	—	ἡγεμονεύοντος	when is being governor	—	\|	pontio	Pontio	when is being governor	—	—	ἡγεμονεύοντος	when is being governor
	—	Ποντίου	Pontius	ποντιου	\|	pilato	Pilato	Pontius	ܕܦܢܛܝܘܤ	Pontius	Ποντίου	Pontius
	—	Πιλάτου	Pilate	πειλατου	\|	iudaeae	Judæam	Pilate	ܦܝܠܛܘܤ	Pilate	Πιλάτου	Pilate
	—	τῆς	<the>	της	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τῆς	<the>
	—	Ἰουδαίας	of Judea	ϊουδαιας	\|	—	tetrarcha	of Judea	ܒܝܗܘܕ	of Judea	Ἰουδαίας	of Judea
	—	καὶ	and	—	\|	autem	autem	and	ܟܕ	and	καὶ	and
	—	τετρααρχοῦντος	when is being tetrarch	—	\|	galilaeae	Galilææ	when is being tetrarch	ܪܫܐ	when is being tetrarch	τετραρχοῦντος	when is being tetrarch
	—	τῆς	<the>	—	\|	caesaris	—	—	—	—	τῆς	<the>
	—	Γαλιλαίας	of Galilee	—	\|	—	—	—	ܪܒܝܥܝܐ	of Galilee	Γαλιλαίας	of Galilee
	—	Ἡρῴδου,	Herod,	ηρωδου	\|	herode	Herode	Herod,	ܗܪܘܕܤ	Herod,	Ἡρῴδου	Herod,
	—	Φιλίππου	Philip	φιλιππου	\|	philippi	Philippo	Philip	ܒܓܠܝܠܐ	Philip	Φιλίππου	Philip
	—	δὲ	now	δε	\|	quaterducatus	autem	now	ܕܝܢ	but	δὲ	now
	—	τοῦ	the	του	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τοῦ	the
	—	ἀδελφοῦ	brother	αδελφου	\|	fratris	fratre	brother	ܐܚܘܗܝ	brother	ἀδελφοῦ	brother
	—	αὐτοῦ	when he	αυτου	\|	eius	ejus	when he	ܪܫܐ	when he	αὐτοῦ	when he
	—	τετρααρχοῦντος	is being tetrarch	—	\|	—	tetrarcha	is being tetrarch	ܪܒܝܥܝܐ	is being tetrarch	τετραρχοῦντος	is being tetrarch
	—	τῆς	<the>	της	\|	quaterducatus	—	—	—	—	τῆς	<the>
	—	Ἰτουραίας	of Ituraea	ιτουραιας	\|	itureae	Iturææ	of Ituraea	—	—	Ἰτουραίας	of Ituraea
	—	καὶ	and	—	\|	et	et	and	ܒܐܝܛܘܪܝܐ	and	καὶ	and
	—	Τραχωνίτιδος	of Trachonitis	—	\|	trachonitidis	Trachonitidis	of Trachonitis	ܘܒܐܬܪܐ	of Trachonitis	Τραχωνίτιδος	of Trachonitis
	—	χώρας	the region	—	\|	regionis	regionis	the region	ܕܛܪܟܘܢܐ	the region	χώρας	the region
	—	καὶ	and	—	\|	et	et	and	ܘܠܘܤܢܝܐ	and	καὶ	and
	—	Λυσανίου	Lysanias	—	\|	lysaniae	Lysania	Lysanias	ܪܫܐ	Lysanias	Λυσανίου	Lysanias
	—	τῆς	<the>	της	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τῆς	<the>
	—	Ἀβιληνῆς	of Abilene	—	\|	abillianetis	Abilinæ	of Abilene	ܪܒܝܥܝܐ	of Abilene	Ἀβιληνῆς	of Abilene
	—	τετρααρχοῦντος	being tetrarch	—	\|	quaterducatus	tetrarcha	being tetrarch	ܕܐܒܝܠܝܢܐ	being tetrarch	τετραρχοῦντος	being tetrarch
Next Fragment: Luke 3:8
See 65 Earliest Papyri

Greek Papyri

Alexandrian

Western

Latin

Syriac

Byzantine

Earliest Papyri

c. 125–250 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Vaticanus

c. 325 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Bezae

c. 400 CE · Greek

Latin

Vulgate

c. 400 CE · Latin

Whitaker

Peshitta

c. 400–450 CE · Syriac

PayneSmith

Byzantine

c. 5th–9th c. · Greek

TAGNT

—

Ἐν

εν

anno

Anno

ܒܫܢܬ

Ἐν

—

ἔτει

year

ετι

autem

year

ܚܡܫܥܤܪܐ

year

ἔτει

year

—

δὲ

then

δε

quintodecimo

then

ܕܝܢ

but

δὲ

then

—

πεντεκαιδεκάτῳ

fifteenth

πεντεκαιδεκατω

imperii

fifteenth

ܕܡܠܟܘܬܗ

fifteenth

πεντεκαιδεκάτῳ

fifteenth

—

τῆς

of the

της

—

τῆς

of the

—

ἡγεμονίας

reign

ηγεμονιας

tiberi

Tiberii

reign

ܕܛܝܒܪܝܘܤ

reign

ἡγεμονίας

reign

—

Τιβερίου

of Tiberius

τιβεριου

ducatus

Cæsaris

of Tiberius

ܩܤܪ

of Tiberius

Τιβερίου

of Tiberius

—

Καίσαρος,

Caesar,

καισαρος

procurante

Caesar,

ܒܗܓܡܢܘܬܐ

Caesar,

Καίσαρος

Caesar,

—

ἡγεμονεύοντος

when is being governor

—

pontio

Pontio

when is being governor

—

ἡγεμονεύοντος

when is being governor

—

Ποντίου

Pontius

ποντιου

pilato

Pilato

Pontius

ܕܦܢܛܝܘܤ

Pontius

Ποντίου

Pontius

—

Πιλάτου

Pilate

πειλατου

iudaeae

Judæam

Pilate

ܦܝܠܛܘܤ

Pilate

Πιλάτου

Pilate

—

τῆς

<the>

της

—

τῆς

<the>

—

Ἰουδαίας

of Judea

ϊουδαιας

—

tetrarcha

of Judea

ܒܝܗܘܕ

of Judea

Ἰουδαίας

of Judea

—

καὶ

and

—

autem

and

ܟܕ

and

καὶ

and

—

τετρααρχοῦντος

when is being tetrarch

—

galilaeae

Galilææ

when is being tetrarch

ܪܫܐ

when is being tetrarch

τετραρχοῦντος

when is being tetrarch

—

τῆς

<the>

—

caesaris

—

τῆς

<the>

—

Γαλιλαίας

of Galilee

—

ܪܒܝܥܝܐ

of Galilee

Γαλιλαίας

of Galilee

—

Ἡρῴδου,

Herod,

ηρωδου

herode

Herode

Herod,

ܗܪܘܕܤ

Herod,

Ἡρῴδου

Herod,

—

Φιλίππου

Philip

φιλιππου

philippi

Philippo

Philip

ܒܓܠܝܠܐ

Philip

Φιλίππου

Philip

—

δὲ

now

δε

quaterducatus

autem

now

ܕܝܢ

but

δὲ

now

—

τοῦ

the

του

—

τοῦ

the

—

ἀδελφοῦ

brother

αδελφου

fratris

fratre

brother

ܐܚܘܗܝ

brother

ἀδελφοῦ

brother

—

αὐτοῦ

when he

αυτου

eius

ejus

when he

ܪܫܐ

when he

αὐτοῦ

when he

—

τετρααρχοῦντος

is being tetrarch

—

tetrarcha

is being tetrarch

ܪܒܝܥܝܐ

is being tetrarch

τετραρχοῦντος

is being tetrarch

—

τῆς

<the>

της

quaterducatus

—

τῆς

<the>

—

Ἰτουραίας

of Ituraea

ιτουραιας

itureae

Iturææ

of Ituraea

—

Ἰτουραίας

of Ituraea

—

καὶ

and

—

and

ܒܐܝܛܘܪܝܐ

and

καὶ

and

—

Τραχωνίτιδος

of Trachonitis

—

trachonitidis

Trachonitidis

of Trachonitis

ܘܒܐܬܪܐ

of Trachonitis

Τραχωνίτιδος

of Trachonitis

—

χώρας

the region

—

regionis

the region

ܕܛܪܟܘܢܐ

the region

χώρας

the region

—

καὶ

and

—

and

ܘܠܘܤܢܝܐ

and

καὶ

and

—

Λυσανίου

Lysanias

—

lysaniae

Lysania

Lysanias

ܪܫܐ

Lysanias

Λυσανίου

Lysanias

—

τῆς

<the>

της

—

τῆς

<the>

—

Ἀβιληνῆς

of Abilene

—

abillianetis

Abilinæ

of Abilene

ܪܒܝܥܝܐ

of Abilene

Ἀβιληνῆς

of Abilene

—

τετρααρχοῦντος

being tetrarch

—

quaterducatus

tetrarcha

being tetrarch

ܕܐܒܝܠܝܢܐ

being tetrarch

τετραρχοῦντος

being tetrarch

Next Fragment: Luke 3:8

See 65 Earliest Papyri

Luke 3:1

Translation Lineage

Urevangelium

Luke 3:1

Translation Lineage