The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ἀνάγκηνP75 | necessity | ····· | — | — | | | necesse | Necesse | necessity | ܥܝܕܐ | necessity | Ἀνάγκην | necessity | |||||
δέP75 | now | ····· | — | — | | | autem | autem | now | ܓܝܪ | now | δὲ | now | |||||
εἶχενP75 | had | ····· | — | — | | | habebat | habebat | had | ܐܝܬ | had | εἶχεν | had | |||||
ἀπολύεινP75 | to release | ····· | — | — | | | dimittere | dimittere | to release | ܗܘܐ | to release | ἀπολύειν | to release | |||||
αὐτοῖςP75 | to them | ····· | — | — | | | — | eis | to them | ܕܢܫܪܐ | to them | αὐτοῖς | to them | |||||
κατὰP75 | according to | ····· | — | — | | | per | per | according to | ܠܗܘܢ | according to | κατὰ | according to | |||||
ἑορτὴνP75 | feast | ····· | — | — | | | diem | diem | feast | ܚܕ | feast | ἑορτὴν | feast | |||||
ἕνα.P75 | one. | ····· | — | — | | | festum | festum | one. | ܒܥܕܥܕܐ | one. | ἕνα | one. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||