The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ιστηκεισανP75 | Had been standing by | εἱστήκεισαν | Had been standing by | ειστηκεισαν | | | stabant | Stabant | Had been standing by | ܩܝܡܝܢ | Had been standing by | Εἱστήκεισαν | Had been standing by | |||||
δεP75 | now | δὲ | now | δε | | | autem | autem | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | now | |||||
οιP75 | the | οἱ | the | οι | | | eum | — | — | — | — | οἱ | the | |||||
αρχιερεισP75 | chief priests | ἀρχιερεῖς | chief priests | αρχιερεις | | | principes | principes | chief priests | ܪܒܝ | chief priests | ἀρχιερεῖς | chief priests | |||||
καιP75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | sacerdotum | sacerdotum | and | ܟܗܢܐ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
οιP75 | the | οἱ | the | οι | | | fortiter | — | — | — | — | οἱ | the | |||||
γραμματεισP75 | scribes | γραμματεῖς | scribes | γραμματις | | | et | et | scribes | ܘܥܙܝܙܐܝܬ | scribes | γραμματεῖς | scribes | |||||
ευτονωσP75 | vehemently | εὐτόνως | vehemently | ευτονως | | | scribae | scribæ | vehemently | ܐܟܠܝܢ | vehemently | εὐτόνως | vehemently | |||||
κατηγορουντεσP75 | accusing | κατηγοροῦντες | accusing | κατηγορουντες | | | — | constanter | accusing | ܗܘܘ | accusing | κατηγοροῦντες | accusing | |||||
αυτουP75 | Him. | αὐτοῦ. | Him. | αυτου | | | accusantes | accusantes | Him. | ܩܪܨܘܗܝ | Him. | αὐτοῦ | Him. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||