The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܘܕܢܬܠܘܢ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | <the> | του | | | ut | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | ||||||
| — | δοῦναι | to offer | δουναι | | | darent | darent | to offer | ܕܒܚܬܐ | to offer | δοῦναι | to offer | ||||||
| — | θυσίαν | a sacrifice | θυσιαν | | | sacrificium | hostiam | a sacrifice | ܐܝܟܢܐ | a sacrifice | θυσίαν | a sacrifice | ||||||
| — | κατὰ | according to | κατα | | | secundum | secundum | according to | — | — | κατὰ | according to | ||||||
| — | τὸ | that | το | | | quod | — | — | — | — | τὸ | that | ||||||
| — | εἰρημένον | said | ειρημενον | | | dictum | dictum | said | ܕܐܡܝܪ | said | εἰρημένον | said | ||||||
| — | ἐν | in | εν | | | est | est | in | ܒܢܡܘܤܐ | in | ἐν | in | ||||||
| — | τῷ | the | τω | | | in | — | — | — | — | νόμῳ | the | ||||||
| — | νόμῳ | law | νομω | | | lege | lege | law | ܕܡܪܝܐ | law | κυρίου | law | ||||||
| — | κυρίου· | of the Lord; | κυ | | | dmi | Domini | of the Lord; | ܙܘܓܐ | of the Lord; | Ζεῦγος | of the Lord; | ||||||
| — | ζεῦγος | A pair | ζευγος | | | par | par | A pair | ܕܫܘܦܢܝܢܐ | A pair | τρυγόνων | A pair | ||||||
| — | τρυγόνων | of turtle doves | τρυγονων | | | turturum | turturum | of turtle doves | ܐܘ | of turtle doves | ἢ | of turtle doves | ||||||
| — | ἢ | or | η | | | aut | — | — | — | — | δύο | or | ||||||
| — | δύο | two | δυο | | | duos | duos | two | ܬܪܝܢ | two | νεοσσοὺς | two | ||||||
| — | νοσσοὺς | young | — | | | nidos | pullos | young | ܦܪܘܓܐ | young | περιστερῶν | young | ||||||
| — | περιστερῶν.¶ | pigeons. | περιστερων | | | columborum | columbarum | pigeons. | ܕܝܘܢܐ | pigeons. | περιστερῶν.¶ | pigeons. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 2:29 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||