Urevangelium

Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.

Translation Lineage

Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.

Greek Papyri			Alexandrian		Western			Latin		Syriac		Byzantine
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT			Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT		Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin			Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker		Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith		Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT
καιP88		And	καὶ	And	—	\|	pharisaei	Pharisæi	And	ܘܐܡܪܝܢ	And	Καὶ	And
οιP88		the	οἱ	the	οι	\|	discipuli	—	—	—	—	οἱ	the
φαρεισεοιP88		Pharisees	Φαρισαῖοι	Pharisees	φαρισαιοι	\|	autem	autem	Pharisees	ܠܗ	Pharisees	Φαρισαῖοι	Pharisees
ελεγονP88		were saying	ἔλεγον	were saying	ελεγον	\|	dicebant	dicebant	were saying	ܦܪܝܫܐ	were saying	ἔλεγον	were saying
αυτωP88		to Him;	αὐτῷ·	to Him;	—	\|	eis	ei	to Him;	—	—	αὐτῷ	to Him;
ειδεP88		Behold	ἴδε	Behold	ϊδε	\|	ecce	Ecce	Behold	ܚܙܝ	Behold	Ἴδε	Behold
τιP88		why	τί	why	τι	\|	—	—	—	ܡܢܐ	why	τί	why
ποιουσινP88		do they	ποιοῦσιν	do they	ποιουσιν	\|	quid	quid	do they	ܥܒܕܝܢ	do they	ποιοῦσιν	do they
τοισP88		in	ἐν	in	—	\|	faciunt	faciunt	in	ܒܫܒܬܐ	in	ἐν	in
σαββασινP88		on the	τοῖς	on the	τοις	\|	tui	—	—	—	—	τοῖς	on the
οP88		Sabbaths	σάββασιν	Sabbaths	σαββασιν	\|	sabbatis	sabbatis	Sabbaths	—	—	σάββασιν	Sabbaths
ουκP88		that which	ὃ	that which	ο	\|	non	—	—	—	—	ὃ	that which
εξεστινP88		not	οὐκ	not	ουκ	\|	no	non	not	ܕܠܐ	not	οὐκ	not
ἔξεστιν;¶P88		is lawful?	ἔξεστιν;¶	is lawful?	εξεστιν	\|	licebat	licet	is lawful?	ܫܠܝܛ	is lawful?	ἔξεστιν	is lawful?
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Trace Your New Testament Back to the Gospel Sources

See how the Four Gospels in the Bible you read today connect to the Greek, Latin, Syriac, and Byzantine witnesses shown above.

Greek Papyri	Alexandrian	Western	Latin	Byzantine
καιP88		And	καὶ	And	—	\|	pharisaei	Pharisæi	And	ܘܐܡܪܝܢ	And	Καὶ	And
οιP88		the	οἱ	the	οι	\|	discipuli	—	—	—	—	οἱ	the
φαρεισεοιP88		Pharisees	Φαρισαῖοι	Pharisees	φαρισαιοι	\|	autem	autem	Pharisees	ܠܗ	Pharisees	Φαρισαῖοι	Pharisees
ελεγονP88		were saying	ἔλεγον	were saying	ελεγον	\|	dicebant	dicebant	were saying	ܦܪܝܫܐ	were saying	ἔλεγον	were saying
αυτωP88		to Him;	αὐτῷ·	to Him;	—	\|	eis	ei	to Him;	—	—	αὐτῷ	to Him;
ειδεP88		Behold	ἴδε	Behold	ϊδε	\|	ecce	Ecce	Behold	ܚܙܝ	Behold	Ἴδε	Behold
τιP88		why	τί	why	τι	\|	—	—	—	ܡܢܐ	why	τί	why
ποιουσινP88		do they	ποιοῦσιν	do they	ποιουσιν	\|	quid	quid	do they	ܥܒܕܝܢ	do they	ποιοῦσιν	do they
τοισP88		in	ἐν	in	—	\|	faciunt	faciunt	in	ܒܫܒܬܐ	in	ἐν	in
σαββασινP88		on the	τοῖς	on the	τοις	\|	tui	—	—	—	—	τοῖς	on the
οP88		Sabbaths	σάββασιν	Sabbaths	σαββασιν	\|	sabbatis	sabbatis	Sabbaths	—	—	σάββασιν	Sabbaths
ουκP88		that which	ὃ	that which	ο	\|	non	—	—	—	—	ὃ	that which
εξεστινP88		not	οὐκ	not	ουκ	\|	no	non	not	ܕܠܐ	not	οὐκ	not
ἔξεστιν;¶P88		is lawful?	ἔξεστιν;¶	is lawful?	εξεστιν	\|	licebat	licet	is lawful?	ܫܠܝܛ	is lawful?	ἔξεστιν	is lawful?
	Next Verse Available
	See 65 Earliest Papyri

Greek Papyri

Alexandrian

Western

Latin

Syriac

Byzantine

Earliest Papyri

c. 125–250 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Vaticanus

c. 325 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Bezae

c. 400 CE · Greek

Latin

Vulgate

c. 400 CE · Latin

Whitaker

Peshitta

c. 400–450 CE · Syriac

PayneSmith

Byzantine

c. 5th–9th c. · Greek

TAGNT

καιP88

And

καὶ

And

—

pharisaei

Pharisæi

And

ܘܐܡܪܝܢ

And

Καὶ

And

οιP88

the

οἱ

the

οι

discipuli

—

οἱ

the

φαρεισεοιP88

Pharisees

Φαρισαῖοι

Pharisees

φαρισαιοι

autem

Pharisees

ܠܗ

Pharisees

Φαρισαῖοι

Pharisees

ελεγονP88

were saying

ἔλεγον

were saying

ελεγον

dicebant

were saying

ܦܪܝܫܐ

were saying

ἔλεγον

were saying

αυτωP88

to Him;

αὐτῷ·

to Him;

—

eis

to Him;

—

αὐτῷ

to Him;

ειδεP88

Behold

ἴδε

Behold

ϊδε

ecce

Ecce

Behold

ܚܙܝ

Behold

Ἴδε

Behold

τιP88

why

τί

why

τι

—

ܡܢܐ

why

τί

why

ποιουσινP88

do they

ποιοῦσιν

do they

ποιουσιν

quid

do they

ܥܒܕܝܢ

do they

ποιοῦσιν

do they

τοισP88

ἐν

—

faciunt

ܒܫܒܬܐ

ἐν

σαββασινP88

on the

τοῖς

on the

τοις

tui

—

τοῖς

on the

οP88

Sabbaths

σάββασιν

Sabbaths

σαββασιν

sabbatis

Sabbaths

—

σάββασιν

Sabbaths

ουκP88

that which

ὃ

that which

non

—

ὃ

that which

εξεστινP88

not

οὐκ

not

ουκ

non

not

ܕܠܐ

not

οὐκ

not

ἔξεστιν;¶P88

is lawful?

ἔξεστιν;¶

is lawful?

εξεστιν

licebat

licet

is lawful?

ܫܠܝܛ

is lawful?

ἔξεστιν

is lawful?

Next Verse Available

See 65 Earliest Papyri

Mark 2:24

Translation Lineage

Urevangelium

Mark 2:24

Translation Lineage