Urevangelium

Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.

Translation Lineage

Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.

Greek Papyri			Alexandrian		Western			Latin		Syriac		Byzantine
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT			Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT		Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin			Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker		Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith		Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT
καιP88		And	Καὶ	And	και	\|	et	Et	And	ܐܡܪ	And	Καὶ	And
λεγειP88		he himself	αὐτὸς	he himself	—	\|	ait	ait	he himself	ܠܗܘܢ	he himself	αὐτὸς	he himself
αυτοισP88		says	λέγει	says	—	\|	illis	illis	says	—	—	ἔλεγεν	says
ουδεποτεP88		to them;	αὐτοῖς·	to them;	αυτοις	\|	numquam	Numquam	to them;	ܝܫܘܥ	to them;	αὐτοῖς	to them;
ανεγνωτεP88		Surely	οὐδέποτε	Surely	ουδεποτε	\|	legistis	legistis	Surely	ܠܐ	Surely	Οὐδέποτε	Surely
τιP88		you did read	ἀνέγνωτε	you did read	ανεγνωτε	\|	quid	quid	you did read	ܡܡܬܘܡ	you did read	ἀνέγνωτε	you did read
εποιησενP88		what	τί	what	τι	\|	fecerit	fecerit	what	—	—	τί	what
δαυειδP88		did	ἐποίησεν	did	εποιησεν	\|	dauid	David	did	ܩܪܝܬܘܢ	did	ἐποίησεν	did
οτεP88		David	Δαυὶδ	David	δαυειδ	\|	respondens	quando	David	ܡܢܐ	David	Δαυίδ	David
χριανP88		when	ὅτε	when	οτε	\|	necessitate	necessitatem	when	ܥܒܕ	when	ὅτε	when
εσχενP88		need	χρείαν	need	χρειαν	\|	habuit	habuit	need	ܕܘܝܕ	need	χρείαν	need
καιP88		he had	ἔσχεν	he had	εσχεν	\|	et	et	he had	—	—	ἔσχεν	he had
επινασενP88		and	καὶ	and	και	\|	esuriit	esuriit	and	ܟܕ	and	καὶ	and
αυτοσP88		hungered	ἐπείνασεν	hungered	επινασεν	\|	ipse	ipse	hungered	ܐܤܬܢܩ	hungered	ἐπείνασεν	hungered
καιP88		he himself	αὐτὸς	he himself	αυτος	\|	et	et	he himself	ܘܟܦܢ	he himself	αὐτὸς	he himself
ουP88		and	καὶ	and	και	\|	qui	qui	and	—	—	καὶ	and
μετP88		those	οἱ	those	οι	\|	cum	—	—	—	—	οἱ	those
αυτουP88		with	μετ᾽	with	μετ	\|	cum	eo	with	ܗܘ	with	μετ’	with
αὐτοῦ;P88		him?	αὐτοῦ;	him?	αυτου	\|	erant	erant	him?	ܘܕܥܡܗ	him?	αὐτοῦ	him?
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Trace Your New Testament Back to the Gospel Sources

See how the Four Gospels in the Bible you read today connect to the Greek, Latin, Syriac, and Byzantine witnesses shown above.

Greek Papyri	Alexandrian	Western	Latin	Byzantine
καιP88		And	Καὶ	And	και	\|	et	Et	And	ܐܡܪ	And	Καὶ	And
λεγειP88		he himself	αὐτὸς	he himself	—	\|	ait	ait	he himself	ܠܗܘܢ	he himself	αὐτὸς	he himself
αυτοισP88		says	λέγει	says	—	\|	illis	illis	says	—	—	ἔλεγεν	says
ουδεποτεP88		to them;	αὐτοῖς·	to them;	αυτοις	\|	numquam	Numquam	to them;	ܝܫܘܥ	to them;	αὐτοῖς	to them;
ανεγνωτεP88		Surely	οὐδέποτε	Surely	ουδεποτε	\|	legistis	legistis	Surely	ܠܐ	Surely	Οὐδέποτε	Surely
τιP88		you did read	ἀνέγνωτε	you did read	ανεγνωτε	\|	quid	quid	you did read	ܡܡܬܘܡ	you did read	ἀνέγνωτε	you did read
εποιησενP88		what	τί	what	τι	\|	fecerit	fecerit	what	—	—	τί	what
δαυειδP88		did	ἐποίησεν	did	εποιησεν	\|	dauid	David	did	ܩܪܝܬܘܢ	did	ἐποίησεν	did
οτεP88		David	Δαυὶδ	David	δαυειδ	\|	respondens	quando	David	ܡܢܐ	David	Δαυίδ	David
χριανP88		when	ὅτε	when	οτε	\|	necessitate	necessitatem	when	ܥܒܕ	when	ὅτε	when
εσχενP88		need	χρείαν	need	χρειαν	\|	habuit	habuit	need	ܕܘܝܕ	need	χρείαν	need
καιP88		he had	ἔσχεν	he had	εσχεν	\|	et	et	he had	—	—	ἔσχεν	he had
επινασενP88		and	καὶ	and	και	\|	esuriit	esuriit	and	ܟܕ	and	καὶ	and
αυτοσP88		hungered	ἐπείνασεν	hungered	επινασεν	\|	ipse	ipse	hungered	ܐܤܬܢܩ	hungered	ἐπείνασεν	hungered
καιP88		he himself	αὐτὸς	he himself	αυτος	\|	et	et	he himself	ܘܟܦܢ	he himself	αὐτὸς	he himself
ουP88		and	καὶ	and	και	\|	qui	qui	and	—	—	καὶ	and
μετP88		those	οἱ	those	οι	\|	cum	—	—	—	—	οἱ	those
αυτουP88		with	μετ᾽	with	μετ	\|	cum	eo	with	ܗܘ	with	μετ’	with
αὐτοῦ;P88		him?	αὐτοῦ;	him?	αυτου	\|	erant	erant	him?	ܘܕܥܡܗ	him?	αὐτοῦ	him?
	Next Verse Available
	See 65 Earliest Papyri

Greek Papyri

Alexandrian

Western

Latin

Syriac

Byzantine

Earliest Papyri

c. 125–250 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Vaticanus

c. 325 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Bezae

c. 400 CE · Greek

Latin

Vulgate

c. 400 CE · Latin

Whitaker

Peshitta

c. 400–450 CE · Syriac

PayneSmith

Byzantine

c. 5th–9th c. · Greek

TAGNT

καιP88

And

Καὶ

And

και

And

ܐܡܪ

And

Καὶ

And

λεγειP88

he himself

αὐτὸς

he himself

—

ait

he himself

ܠܗܘܢ

he himself

αὐτὸς

he himself

αυτοισP88

says

λέγει

says

—

illis

says

—

ἔλεγεν

says

ουδεποτεP88

to them;

αὐτοῖς·

to them;

αυτοις

numquam

Numquam

to them;

ܝܫܘܥ

to them;

αὐτοῖς

to them;

ανεγνωτεP88

Surely

οὐδέποτε

Surely

ουδεποτε

legistis

Surely

ܠܐ

Surely

Οὐδέποτε

Surely

τιP88

you did read

ἀνέγνωτε

you did read

ανεγνωτε

quid

you did read

ܡܡܬܘܡ

you did read

ἀνέγνωτε

you did read

εποιησενP88

what

τί

what

τι

fecerit

what

—

τί

what

δαυειδP88

did

ἐποίησεν

did

εποιησεν

dauid

David

did

ܩܪܝܬܘܢ

did

ἐποίησεν

did

οτεP88

David

Δαυὶδ

David

δαυειδ

respondens

quando

David

ܡܢܐ

David

Δαυίδ

David

χριανP88

when

ὅτε

when

οτε

necessitate

necessitatem

when

ܥܒܕ

when

ὅτε

when

εσχενP88

need

χρείαν

need

χρειαν

habuit

need

ܕܘܝܕ

need

χρείαν

need

καιP88

he had

ἔσχεν

he had

εσχεν

he had

—

ἔσχεν

he had

επινασενP88

and

καὶ

and

και

esuriit

and

ܟܕ

and

καὶ

and

αυτοσP88

hungered

ἐπείνασεν

hungered

επινασεν

ipse

hungered

ܐܤܬܢܩ

hungered

ἐπείνασεν

hungered

καιP88

he himself

αὐτὸς

he himself

αυτος

he himself

ܘܟܦܢ

he himself

αὐτὸς

he himself

ουP88

and

καὶ

and

και

qui

and

—

καὶ

and

μετP88

those

οἱ

those

οι

cum

—

οἱ

those

αυτουP88

with

μετ᾽

with

μετ

cum

with

ܗܘ

with

μετ’

with

αὐτοῦ;P88

him?

αὐτοῦ;

him?

αυτου

erant

him?

ܘܕܥܡܗ

him?

αὐτοῦ

him?

Next Verse Available

See 65 Earliest Papyri

Mark 2:25

Translation Lineage

Urevangelium

Mark 2:25

Translation Lineage