The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܡܢ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | ἐξαίφνης | suddenly | εξαιφνης | | | continuo | subito | suddenly | ܫܠܝ | suddenly | ἐξαίφνης | suddenly | ||||||
| — | ἐγένετο | there came | εγενετο | | | facta | facta | there came | ܐܬܚܙܝܘ | there came | ἐγένετο | there came | ||||||
| — | σὺν | with | συν | | | est | est | with | ܥܡ | with | σὺν | with | ||||||
| — | τῷ | the | τω | | | dicentium | — | — | — | — | τῷ | the | ||||||
| — | ἀγγέλῳ | angel | αγγελω | | | cum | cum | angel | ܡܠܐܟܐ | angel | ἀγγέλῳ | angel | ||||||
| — | πλῆθος | a multitude | πληθος | | | angelo | angelo | a multitude | ܚܝܠܘܬܐ | a multitude | πλῆθος | a multitude | ||||||
| — | στρατιᾶς | of the host | στρατειας | | | multitudo | multitudo | of the host | ܤܓܝܐܐ | of the host | στρατιᾶς | of the host | ||||||
| — | οὐρανίου | heavenly | — | | | militiae | militiæ | heavenly | ܕܫܡܝܐ | heavenly | οὐρανίου | heavenly | ||||||
| — | αἰνούντων | praising | — | | | — | cælestis | praising | ܟܕ | praising | αἰνούντων | praising | ||||||
| — | τὸν | <the> | τον | | | caeli | — | — | — | — | τὸν | <the> | ||||||
| — | θεὸν | God | θν | | | laudantes | laudantium | God | ܡܫܒܚܝܢ | God | θεόν | God | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | dm | Deum | and | ܠܐܠܗܐ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | λεγόντων· | saying: | λεγοντων | | | et | et | saying: | ܘܐܡܪܝܢ | saying: | λεγόντων | saying: | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 2:29 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||