Urevangelium

Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.

Translation Lineage

Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.

Greek Papyri			Alexandrian		Western			Latin		Syriac		Byzantine
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT			Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT		Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin			Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker		Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith		Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT
		—	καὶ	And	και	\|	et	Et	And	ܘܗܕܐ	And	Καὶ	And
		—	τοῦτο	this is	τουτο	\|	hoc	hoc	this is	ܠܟܘܢ	this is	τοῦτο	this is
		—	ὑμῖν	to you	ϋμειν	\|	uobis	vobis	to you	ܐܬܐ	to you	ὑμῖν	to you
		—	τὸ	the	το	\|	sit	—	—	—	—	τὸ	the
		—	σημεῖον·	sign:	σημειον	\|	signum	signum	sign:	ܡܫܟܚܝܢ	sign:	σημεῖον	sign:
		—	εὑρήσετε	You will find	ευρησετε	\|	inuenietis	invenietis	You will find	ܐܢܬܘܢ	You will find	εὑρήσετε	You will find
		—	βρέφος	a baby	βρεφος	\|	infantem	infantem	a baby	—	—	βρέφος	a baby
		—	ἐσπαργανωμένον	swaddled	εσπαργανωμενον	\|	pannis	pannis	swaddled	ܥܘܠܐ	swaddled	ἐσπαργανωμένον	swaddled
		—	καὶ	and	—	\|	inuolutum	involutum	and	ܕܟܪܝܟ	and	κείμενον	and
		—	κείμενον	lying	—	\|	—	et	lying	ܒܥܙܪܘܪܐ	lying	ἐν	lying
		—	ἐν	in	εν	\|	—	positum	in	ܘܤܝܡ	in	φάτνῃ	in
		—	τῇ	<the>	—	\|	praesepio	—	—	—	—	τῇ	<the>
		—	φάτνῃ.	a manger.	φατνη	\|	in	in	a manger.	ܒܐܘܪܝܐ	a manger.	φάτνῃ.	a manger.
	Next Fragment: Luke 2:29
	See 65 Earliest Papyri

Trace Your New Testament Back to the Gospel Sources

See how the Four Gospels in the Bible you read today connect to the Greek, Latin, Syriac, and Byzantine witnesses shown above.

Alexandrian	Western	Latin	Byzantine
	—	καὶ	And	και	\|	et	Et	And	ܘܗܕܐ	And	Καὶ	And
	—	τοῦτο	this is	τουτο	\|	hoc	hoc	this is	ܠܟܘܢ	this is	τοῦτο	this is
	—	ὑμῖν	to you	ϋμειν	\|	uobis	vobis	to you	ܐܬܐ	to you	ὑμῖν	to you
	—	τὸ	the	το	\|	sit	—	—	—	—	τὸ	the
	—	σημεῖον·	sign:	σημειον	\|	signum	signum	sign:	ܡܫܟܚܝܢ	sign:	σημεῖον	sign:
	—	εὑρήσετε	You will find	ευρησετε	\|	inuenietis	invenietis	You will find	ܐܢܬܘܢ	You will find	εὑρήσετε	You will find
	—	βρέφος	a baby	βρεφος	\|	infantem	infantem	a baby	—	—	βρέφος	a baby
	—	ἐσπαργανωμένον	swaddled	εσπαργανωμενον	\|	pannis	pannis	swaddled	ܥܘܠܐ	swaddled	ἐσπαργανωμένον	swaddled
	—	καὶ	and	—	\|	inuolutum	involutum	and	ܕܟܪܝܟ	and	κείμενον	and
	—	κείμενον	lying	—	\|	—	et	lying	ܒܥܙܪܘܪܐ	lying	ἐν	lying
	—	ἐν	in	εν	\|	—	positum	in	ܘܤܝܡ	in	φάτνῃ	in
	—	τῇ	<the>	—	\|	praesepio	—	—	—	—	τῇ	<the>
	—	φάτνῃ.	a manger.	φατνη	\|	in	in	a manger.	ܒܐܘܪܝܐ	a manger.	φάτνῃ.	a manger.
Next Fragment: Luke 2:29
See 65 Earliest Papyri

Greek Papyri

Alexandrian

Western

Latin

Syriac

Byzantine

Earliest Papyri

c. 125–250 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Vaticanus

c. 325 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Bezae

c. 400 CE · Greek

Latin

Vulgate

c. 400 CE · Latin

Whitaker

Peshitta

c. 400–450 CE · Syriac

PayneSmith

Byzantine

c. 5th–9th c. · Greek

TAGNT

—

καὶ

And

και

And

ܘܗܕܐ

And

Καὶ

And

—

τοῦτο

this is

τουτο

hoc

this is

ܠܟܘܢ

this is

τοῦτο

this is

—

ὑμῖν

to you

ϋμειν

uobis

vobis

to you

ܐܬܐ

to you

ὑμῖν

to you

—

τὸ

the

το

sit

—

τὸ

the

—

σημεῖον·

sign:

σημειον

signum

sign:

ܡܫܟܚܝܢ

sign:

σημεῖον

sign:

—

εὑρήσετε

You will find

ευρησετε

inuenietis

invenietis

You will find

ܐܢܬܘܢ

You will find

εὑρήσετε

You will find

—

βρέφος

a baby

βρεφος

infantem

a baby

—

βρέφος

a baby

—

ἐσπαργανωμένον

swaddled

εσπαργανωμενον

pannis

swaddled

ܥܘܠܐ

swaddled

ἐσπαργανωμένον

swaddled

—

καὶ

and

—

inuolutum

involutum

and

ܕܟܪܝܟ

and

κείμενον

and

—

κείμενον

lying

—

lying

ܒܥܙܪܘܪܐ

lying

ἐν

lying

—

ἐν

εν

—

positum

ܘܤܝܡ

φάτνῃ

—

τῇ

<the>

—

praesepio

—

τῇ

<the>

—

φάτνῃ.

a manger.

φατνη

a manger.

ܒܐܘܪܝܐ

a manger.

φάτνῃ.

a manger.

Next Fragment: Luke 2:29

See 65 Earliest Papyri

Luke 2:12

Translation Lineage

Urevangelium

Luke 2:12

Translation Lineage