The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ουχιP45 · P75 | Surely | οὐχὶ | Surely | ουχι | | | nonne | Nonne | Surely | ܠܐ | Surely | Οὐχὶ | Surely | |||||
πεντεP45 · P75 | five | πέντε | five | πεντε | | | quinque | quinque | five | ܚܡܫ | five | πέντε | five | |||||
στρουθιαP45 · P75 | sparrows | στρουθία | sparrows | στρουθεια | | | passares | passeres | sparrows | — | — | στρουθία | sparrows | |||||
πωλειταιP45 · P75 | are being sold for | πωλοῦνται | are being sold for | — | | | ueniunt | veneunt | are being sold for | ܨܦܪܝܢ | are being sold for | πωλεῖται | are being sold for | |||||
ασσαριωνP45 · P75 | assarion | ἀσσαρίων | assarion | ασσαριων | | | dipundis | dipondio | assarion | ܡܙܕܒܢܢ | assarion | ἀσσαρίων | assarion | |||||
δυοP45 · P75 | two? | δύο; | two? | δυο | | | et | et | two? | ܒܬܪܝܢ | two? | δύο | two? | |||||
καιP45 · P75 | And | καὶ | And | και | | | unum | unus | And | ܐܤܪܝܢ | And | Καὶ | And | |||||
ενP45 · P75 | one | ἓν | one | εν | | | ex | ex | one | — | — | ἓν | one | |||||
εξP45 · P75 | of | ἐξ | of | εξ | | | duobus | illis | of | ܘܚܕܐ | of | ἐξ | of | |||||
αυτωνP45 · P75 | them | αὐτῶν | them | αυτων | | | non | non | them | ܡܢܗܝܢ | them | αὐτῶν | them | |||||
ουκP45 · P75 | not | οὐκ | not | ουκ | | | est | est | not | ܠܐ | not | οὐκ | not | |||||
εστινP45 · P75 | is | ἔστιν | is | εστιν | | | in | in | is | ܛܥܝܐ | is | ἔστιν | is | |||||
επιλελησμενονP45 · P75 | forgotten | ἐπιλελησμένον | forgotten | επιλελησμενον | | | oblitum | oblivione | forgotten | — | — | ἐπιλελησμένον | forgotten | |||||
ενωπιονP45 · P75 | before | ἐνώπιον | before | ενωπιον | | | eis | coram | before | ܩܕܡ | before | ἐνώπιον | before | |||||
τουP45 · P75 | <the> | τοῦ | <the> | του | | | conspectu | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | |||||
θυP45 · P75 | God; | θεοῦ· | God; | θυ | | | dei | Deo | God; | ܐܠܗܐ | God; | θεοῦ | God; | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||