The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
υποδειξωP45 · P75 | I will show | ὑποδείξω | I will show | ϋποδειξω | | | ostendam | Ostendam | I will show | ܐܚܘܝܟܘܢ | I will show | Ὑποδείξω | I will show | |||||
δεP45 · P75 | however | δὲ | however | δε | | | autem | autem | however | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | however | |||||
υμινP45 · P75 | you | ὑμῖν | you | ϋμειν | | | uobis | vobis | you | ܡܢ | you | ὑμῖν | you | |||||
τιναP45 · P75 | whom | τίνα | whom | τινα | | | quem | quem | whom | ܡܢ | whom | τίνα | whom | |||||
φοβηθητεP45 · P75 | you may fear: | φοβηθῆτε· | you may fear: | φοβηθητε | | | timeatis | timeatis | you may fear: | ܬܕܚܠܘܢ | you may fear: | φοβηθῆτε | you may fear: | |||||
φοβηθητεP45 · P75 | do fear | φοβήθητε | do fear | — | | | timete | timete | do fear | ܡܢ | do fear | φοβήθητε | do fear | |||||
τονP45 · P75 | the One who | τὸν | the One who | τον | | | hunc | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the One who | |||||
μεταP45 · P75 | after | μετὰ | after | μετα | | | quem | eum | after | ܗܘ | after | μετὰ | after | |||||
τοP45 · P75 | the | τὸ | the | το | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | |||||
αποκτειναιP45 · P75 | killing | ἀποκτεῖναι | killing | αποκτειναι | | | — | qui | killing | ܕܡܢ | killing | ἀποκτεῖναι | killing | |||||
εξουσιανP45 · P75 | has | ἔχοντα | has | εχοντα | | | post | postquam | has | ܒܬܪ | has | ἐξουσίαν | has | |||||
εχονταP45 · P75 | authority | ἐξουσίαν | authority | εξουσιαν | | | occiderit | occiderit | authority | ܕܩܛܠ | authority | ἔχοντα | authority | |||||
βαλεινP45 · P75 | to cast | ἐμβαλεῖν | to cast | — | | | habentem | habet | to cast | ܫܠܝܛ | to cast | ἐμβαλεῖν | to cast | |||||
εισP45 · P75 | into | εἰς | into | εις | | | potestatem | potestatem | into | ܠܡܪܡܝܘ | into | εἰς | into | |||||
τηνP45 · P75 | <the> | τὴν | <the> | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὴν | <the> | |||||
γεεννανP45 · P75 | hell. | γέενναν. | hell. | γεενναν | | | mittere | mittere | hell. | ܒܓܗܢܐ | hell. | γέενναν | hell. | |||||
ναιP45 · P75 | Yes | ναὶ | Yes | ναι | | | in | in | Yes | ܐܝܢ | Yes | ναί | Yes | |||||
λεγωP45 · P75 | I say | λέγω | I say | λεγω | | | gehenam | gehennam | I say | ܐܡܪ | I say | λέγω | I say | |||||
υμινP45 · P75 | to you; | ὑμῖν· | to you; | ϋμειν | | | etiam | ita | to you; | ܐܢܐ | to you; | ὑμῖν | to you; | |||||
τουτονP45 · P75 | Him | τοῦτον | Him | τουτον | | | dico | dico | Him | ܠܟܘܢ | Him | τοῦτον | Him | |||||
φοβηθηναιP45 · P75 | do fear. | φοβήθητε. | do fear. | φοβηθητε | | | uobis | vobis | do fear. | ܕܡܢ | do fear. | φοβήθητε | do fear. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||