The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
διαP66 · P75 | Because of | διὰ | Because of | — | | | quare | Quare | Because of | ܠܡܢܐ | Because of | Διὰ | Because of | |||||
τιP66 · P75 | why | τί | why | — | | | hoc | hoc | why | ܠܐ | why | τί | why | |||||
τουτοP66 · P75 | this | τοῦτο | this | τουτο | | | unguentum | unguentum | this | ܐܙܕܒܢ | this | τοῦτο | this | |||||
τοP66 · P75 | <the> | τὸ | <the> | το | | | est | — | — | — | — | τὸ | <the> | |||||
μυρονP66 · P75 | fragrant oil | μύρον | fragrant oil | μυρον | | | non | non | fragrant oil | ܡܫܚܐ | fragrant oil | μύρον | fragrant oil | |||||
ουκP66 · P75 | not | οὐκ | not | ουκ | | | uenitum | veniit | not | ܗܢܐ | not | οὐκ | not | |||||
επραθηP66 · P75 | was sold | ἐπράθη | was sold | επραθη | | | trecentis | trecentis | was sold | — | — | ἐπράθη | was sold | |||||
τριακοσιωνP66 · P75 | for three hundred | τριακοσίων | for three hundred | τριακοσιων | | | denariis | denariis | for three hundred | ܒܬܠܬ | for three hundred | τριακοσίων | for three hundred | |||||
δηναριωνP66 · P75 | denarii | δηναρίων | denarii | δηναριων | | | et | et | denarii | ܡܐܐ | denarii | δηναρίων | denarii | |||||
καιP66 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | datum | datum | and | ܕܝܢܪܝܢ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
εδοθηP66 · P75 | given | ἐδόθη | given | εδοθη | | | est | est | given | ܘܐܬܝܗܒ | given | ἐδόθη | given | |||||
πτωχοισP66 · P75 | to the poor? | πτωχοῖς; | to the poor? | πτωχοις | | | pauperibus | egenis | to the poor? | ܠܡܤܟܢܐ | to the poor? | πτωχοῖς | to the poor? | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||