The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
διαμερισθησονταιP45 · P75 | They will be divided | διαμερισθήσονται, | They will be divided | διαμερισθησονται | | | diuidentur | dividentur | They will be divided | ܢܬܦܠܓ | They will be divided | Διαμερισθήσεται | They will be divided | |||||
υσP45 · P75 | father | πατὴρ | father | πατηρ | | | pater | pater | father | ܓܝܪ | father | πατὴρ | father | |||||
επιP45 · P75 | against | ἐπὶ | against | — | | | in | in | against | ܐܒܐ | against | ἐπὶ | against | |||||
πριP45 · P75 | son | υἱῷ | son | ϋιω | | | filio | filium | son | — | — | υἱῷ | son | |||||
καιP45 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܥܠ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
πρP45 · P75 | son | υἱὸς | son | ϋιος | | | filius | filius | son | ܒܪܗ | son | υἱὸς | son | |||||
επιP45 · P75 | against | ἐπὶ | against | επι | | | super | in | against | ܘܒܪܐ | against | ἐπὶ | against | |||||
υωP45 · P75 | father, | πατρί, | father, | πατρι | | | patrem | patrem | father, | ܥܠ | father, | πατρί | father, | |||||
μητηρP45 · P75 | mother | μήτηρ | mother | μητηρ | | | suum | suum | mother | ܐܒܘܗܝ | mother | μήτηρ | mother | |||||
επιP45 · P75 | against | ἐπὶ | against | επι | | | mater | mater | against | — | — | ἐπὶ | against | |||||
τηνP45 · P75 | <the> | τὴν | <the> | — | | | suam | — | — | — | — | θυγατρί | <the> | |||||
θυγατεραP45 · P75 | daughter | θυγατέρα | daughter | θυγατερα | | | diuidetur | in | daughter | ܐܡܐ | daughter | καὶ | daughter | |||||
καιP45 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | filiam | filiam | and | ܥܠ | and | θυγάτηρ | and | |||||
θυγατηρP45 · P75 | daughter | θυγάτηρ | daughter | θυγατηρ | | | et | et | daughter | ܒܪܬܗ | daughter | ἐπὶ | daughter | |||||
επιP45 · P75 | against | ἐπὶ | against | επι | | | filia | filia | against | ܘܒܪܬܐ | against | μητρί | against | |||||
τηνP45 · P75 | <the> | τὴν | <the> | την | | | — | — | — | — | — | πενθερὰ | <the> | |||||
μητεραP45 · P75 | mother, | μητέρα, | mother, | μητερα | | | super | in | mother, | — | — | ἐπὶ | mother, | |||||
πενθεραP45 · P75 | mother-in-law | πενθερὰ | mother-in-law | πενθερα | | | matrem | matrem | mother-in-law | ܥܠ | mother-in-law | τὴν | mother-in-law | |||||
επιP45 · P75 | against | ἐπὶ | against | επι | | | socrus | socrus | against | ܐܡܗ | against | νύμφην | against | |||||
τηνP45 · P75 | the | τὴν | the | την | | | super | — | — | — | — | αὐτῆς | the | |||||
νυμφηνP45 · P75 | daughter-in-law | νύμφην | daughter-in-law | νυμφην | | | — | in | daughter-in-law | ܚܡܬܐ | daughter-in-law | καὶ | daughter-in-law | |||||
αυτησP45 · P75 | of her | αὐτῆς | of her | αυτης | | | super | nurum | of her | ܥܠ | of her | νύμφη | of her | |||||
καιP45 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | norum | suam | and | ܟܠܬܗ | and | ἐπὶ | and | |||||
νυμφηP45 · P75 | daughter-in-law | νύμφη | daughter-in-law | νυμφη | | | et | et | daughter-in-law | — | — | τὴν | daughter-in-law | |||||
επιP45 · P75 | against | ἐπὶ | against | επι | | | — | nurus | against | ܘܟܠܬܐ | against | πενθερὰν | against | |||||
τηνP45 · P75 | <the> | τὴν | <the> | την | | | norus | — | — | — | — | αὐτῆς | <the> | |||||
πενθεραP45 · P75 | mother-in-law | πενθεράν | mother-in-law | πενθεραν | | | super | in | mother-in-law | ܥܠ | mother-in-law | πενθεράν | mother-in-law | |||||
αὐτῆς.¶P45 · P75 | of her. | αὐτῆς.¶ | of her. | — | | | socrum | socrum | of her. | ܚܡܬܗ | of her. | αὐτῆς.¶ | of her. | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||