The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ελεγενP45 · P75 | He was saying | Ἔλεγεν | He was saying | ελεγεν | | | dicebat | Dicebat | He was saying | ܘܐܡܪ | He was saying | Ἔλεγεν | He was saying | |||||
δεP45 · P75 | now | δὲ | now | δε | | | autem | autem | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | now | |||||
καιP45 · P75 | also | καὶ | also | και | | | et | et | also | ܡܐ | also | καὶ | also | |||||
τοισP45 · P75 | to the | τοῖς | to the | τοις | | | bideritis | — | — | — | — | τοῖς | to the | |||||
οχλοισP45 · P75 | crowds; | ὄχλοις· | crowds; | οχλοις | | | — | ad | crowds; | — | — | ὄχλοις | crowds; | |||||
οτανP45 · P75 | When | ὅταν | When | οταν | | | turbis | turbas | When | ܕܚܙܝܬܘܢ | When | Ὅταν | When | |||||
ιδητεP45 · P75 | you may see | ἴδητε | you may see | ειδητε | | | cum | Cum | you may see | ܥܢܢܐ | you may see | ἴδητε | you may see | |||||
τηνP45 · P75 | <the> | τὴν | <the> | την | | | confestim | — | — | — | — | τὴν | <the> | |||||
νεφεληνP45 · P75 | a cloud | νεφέλην | a cloud | νεφελην | | | — | videritis | a cloud | ܕܕܢܚܐ | a cloud | νεφέλην | a cloud | |||||
ανατελλουσανP45 · P75 | rising up | ἀνατέλλουσαν | rising up | ανατελλουσαν | | | nubem | nubem | rising up | ܡܢ | rising up | ἀνατέλλουσαν | rising up | |||||
αποP45 · P75 | from | ἐπὶ | from | — | | | orientem | orientem | from | — | — | ἀπὸ | from | |||||
δυσμωνP45 · P75 | the west, | δυσμῶν, | the west, | δυσμων | | | ab | ab | the west, | ܡܥܪܒܐ | the west, | δυσμῶν | the west, | |||||
ευθεωσP45 · P75 | immediately | εὐθέως | immediately | ευθεως | | | occidente | occasu | immediately | ܡܚܕܐ | immediately | εὐθέως | immediately | |||||
λεγετεP45 · P75 | you say | λέγετε | you say | λεγετε | | | fiet | statim | you say | ܐܡܪܝܢ | you say | λέγετε | you say | |||||
οτιP45 · P75 | that | ὅτι | that | — | | | dicitis | dicitis | that | ܐܢܬܘܢ | that | Ὄμβρος | that | |||||
ομβροσP45 · P75 | A shower | ὄμβρος | A shower | ομβρος | | | nimbus | Nimbus | A shower | ܡܛܪܐ | A shower | ἔρχεται | A shower | |||||
ερχεταιP45 · P75 | is coming, | ἔρχεται, | is coming, | ερχεται | | | uenit | venit | is coming, | — | — | καὶ | is coming, | |||||
καιP45 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܐܬܐ | and | γίνεται | and | |||||
γεινεταιP45 · P75 | it happens | γίνεται | it happens | γεινεται | | | — | ita | it happens | ܘܗܘܐ | it happens | οὕτως | it happens | |||||
ουτωσP45 · P75 | so. | οὕτως. | so. | ουτως | | | sic | fit | so. | ܗܟܢܐ | so. | οὕτως. | so. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||