The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
εκεινοσP45 · P75 | That very | Ἐκεῖνος | That very | εκεινος | | | ille | Ille | That very | ܥܒܕܐ | That very | Ἐκεῖνος | That very | |||||
δεP45 · P75 | now | δὲ | now | δε | | | autem | autem | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | now | |||||
οP45 · P75 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | sciuit | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | |||||
δουλοσP45 · P75 | servant | δοῦλος | servant | δουλος | | | seruus | servus | servant | — | — | δοῦλος | servant | |||||
οP45 · P75 | the one | ὁ | the one | ο | | | multas | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the one | |||||
γνουσP45 · P75 | having known | γνοὺς | having known | γνους | | | qui | qui | having known | ܐܝܢܐ | having known | γνοὺς | having known | |||||
τοP45 · P75 | the | τὸ | the | το | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | |||||
θελημαP45 · P75 | will | θέλημα | will | θελημα | | | — | cognovit | will | ܕܝܕܥ | will | θέλημα | will | |||||
τουP45 · P75 | of the | τοῦ | of the | του | | | dmi | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | of the | |||||
κυP45 · P75 | master | κυρίου | master | κυ | | | uoluntatem | voluntatem | master | ܨܒܝܢܐ | master | κυρίου | master | |||||
αυτουP45 · P75 | of him | αὐτοῦ | of him | αυτου | | | — | domini | of him | — | — | ἑαυτοῦ | of him | |||||
καιP45 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | sui | sui | and | ܕܡܪܗ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
ποιησασP45 · P75 | not | μὴ | not | μη | | | et | et | not | ܘܠܐ | not | μὴ | not | |||||
προσP45 · P75 | having prepared | ἑτοιμάσας | having prepared | — | | | non | non | having prepared | ܛܝܒ | having prepared | ἑτοιμάσας | having prepared | |||||
τοP45 · P75 | or | ἢ | or | — | | | fecit | — | — | — | — | μηδὲ | or | |||||
θελημαP45 · P75 | having done | ποιήσας | having done | ποιησας | | | — | et | having done | ܠܗ | having done | ποιήσας | having done | |||||
αυτουP45 · P75 | according to | πρὸς | according to | προς | | | — | non | according to | ܐܝܟ | according to | πρὸς | according to | |||||
δαρησεταιP45 · P75 | the | τὸ | the | το | | | ad | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | |||||
πολλασP45 · P75 | will | θέλημα | will | θελημα | | | — | facit | will | ܨܒܝܢܗ | will | θέλημα | will | |||||
αὐτοῦP45 · P75 | of him | αὐτοῦ | of him | αυτου | | | bapulabit | secundum | of him | — | — | αὐτοῦ | of him | |||||
δαρήσεταιP45 · P75 | will be beaten with | δαρήσεται | will be beaten with | δαρησεται | | | uoluntatem | voluntatem | will be beaten with | ܢܒܠܥ | will be beaten with | δαρήσεται | will be beaten with | |||||
πολλάς.P45 · P75 | many blows. | πολλάς. | many blows. | πολλας | | | eius | ejus | many blows. | ܤܓܝܐܬܐ | many blows. | πολλάς | many blows. | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||