The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
υπεστρεψανP45 · P75 | Returned | Ὑπέστρεψαν | Returned | ϋπεστρεψαν | | | reuersi | Reversi | Returned | ܘܗܦܟܘ | Returned | Ὑπέστρεψαν | Returned | |||||
δεP45 · P75 | then | δὲ | then | δε | | | sunt | sunt | then | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | then | |||||
οιP45 · P75 | the | οἱ | the | οι | | | tuo | — | — | — | — | οἱ | the | |||||
μεταP45 · P75 | seventy | ἑβδομήκοντα | seventy | — | | | autem | autem | seventy | ܫܒܥܝܢ | seventy | ἑβδομήκοντα | seventy | |||||
χαρασP45 · P75 | two | δύο | two | — | | | lxxii | septuaginta | two | ܕܫܕܪ | two | μετὰ | two | |||||
λεγοντεσP45 · P75 | with | μετὰ | with | μετα | | | — | duo | with | ܒܚܕܘܬܐ | with | χαρᾶς | with | |||||
κεP45 · P75 | joy | χαρᾶς | joy | χαρας | | | cum | cum | joy | ܪܒܬܐ | joy | λέγοντες | joy | |||||
καιP45 · P75 | saying; | λέγοντες· | saying; | λεγοντες | | | gaudio | gaudio | saying; | ܘܐܡܪܝܢ | saying; | Κύριε | saying; | |||||
ταP45 · P75 | Lord, | κύριε, | Lord, | — | | | dicentes | dicentes | Lord, | — | — | καὶ | Lord, | |||||
δαιμονιαP45 · P75 | even | καὶ | even | και | | | dme | Domine | even | ܠܗ | even | τὰ | even | |||||
υποτασσεταιP45 · P75 | the | τὰ | the | τα | | | daemonia | — | — | — | — | δαιμόνια | the | |||||
ημινP45 · P75 | demons | δαιμόνια | demons | δαιμονια | | | et | etiam | demons | ܡܪܢ | demons | ὑποτάσσεται | demons | |||||
ενP45 · P75 | are subject | ὑποτάσσεται | are subject | ϋποτασσεται | | | — | dæmonia | are subject | ܐܦ | are subject | ἡμῖν | are subject | |||||
τωιP45 · P75 | to us | ἡμῖν | to us | ημειν | | | subdita | subjiciuntur | to us | ܫܐܕܐ | to us | ἐν | to us | |||||
ονοματιP45 · P75 | through | ἐν | through | εν | | | nobis | nobis | through | ܡܫܬܥܒܕܝܢ | through | τῷ | through | |||||
σουP45 · P75 | the | τῷ | the | τω | | | sunt | — | — | — | — | ὀνόματί | the | |||||
ὀνόματίP45 · P75 | name | ὀνόματί | name | ονοματι | | | in | in | name | ܠܢ | name | σου | name | |||||
σου.P45 · P75 | of You. | σου. | of You. | σου | | | nomine | nomine | of You. | ܒܫܡܟ | of You. | σου. | of You. | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||