The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
καιP39 · P66 · P75 | And | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܒܢܡܘܤܟܘܢ | And | Καὶ | And | |||||
ενP39 · P66 · P75 | in | ἐν | in | εν | | | in | in | in | — | — | ἐν | in | |||||
τωP39 · P66 · P75 | the | τῷ | the | τω | | | sed | — | — | — | — | τῷ | the | |||||
νομωP39 · P66 · P75 | law | νόμῳ | law | νομω | | | lege | lege | law | ܕܝܢ | law | νόμῳ | law | |||||
δεP39 · P66 · P75 | also | δὲ | also | δε | | | uestra | vestra | also | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | also | |||||
τωP39 · P66 · P75 | <the> | τῷ | <the> | τω | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῷ | <the> | |||||
υμετερωP39 · P66 · P75 | of you | ὑμετέρῳ | of you | ϋμετερω | | | scriptum | scriptum | of you | — | — | ὑμετέρῳ | of you | |||||
γεγραπταιP39 · P66 · P75 | it has been written | γέγραπται | it has been written | γεγραπται | | | est | est | it has been written | ܕܤܗܕܘܬܐ | it has been written | γέγραπται | it has been written | |||||
οτιP39 · P66 · P75 | that | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | quoniam | quia | that | ܕܬܪܝܢ | that | ὅτι | that | |||||
δυοP39 · P66 · P75 | of two | δύο | of two | δυο | | | — | duorum | of two | — | — | δύο | of two | |||||
ανωνP39 · P66 · P75 | men | ἀνθρώπων | men | — | | | hominum | hominum | men | ܓܒܪܝܢ | men | ἀνθρώπων | men | |||||
ηP39 · P66 · P75 | the | ἡ | the | η | | | duum | — | — | — | — | ἡ | the | |||||
μαρτυριαP39 · P66 · P75 | testimony | μαρτυρία | testimony | μαρτυρια | | | testimonium | testimonium | testimony | ܫܪܝܪܐ | testimony | μαρτυρία | testimony | |||||
αληθησP39 · P66 · P75 | true | ἀληθής | true | αληθης | | | uerum | verum | true | — | — | ἀληθής | true | |||||
εστινP39 · P66 · P75 | is. | ἐστιν. | is. | εστιν | | | est | est | is. | ܗܝ | is. | ἐστιν | is. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||