The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ταυταP66 · P75 | These things | Ταῦτα | These things | ταυτα | | | haec | Hic | These things | ܗܠܝܢ | These things | Ταῦτα | These things | |||||
ειπενP66 · P75 | He said | εἶπεν | He said | ειπεν | | | dixit | est | He said | ܐܡܪ | He said | εἶπεν | He said | |||||
ενP66 · P75 | in | ἐν | in | εν | | | in | panis | in | ܒܟܢܘܫܬܐ | in | ἐν | in | |||||
συναγωγηP66 · P75 | the synagogue | συναγωγῇ | the synagogue | συναγωγη | | | synagoga | qui | the synagogue | — | — | συναγωγῇ | the synagogue | |||||
διδασκωνP66 · P75 | teaching | διδάσκων | teaching | διδασκων | | | in | de | teaching | ܟܕ | teaching | διδάσκων | teaching | |||||
ενP66 · P75 | in | ἐν | in | εν | | | cafarnaum | cælo | in | ܡܠܦ | in | ἐν | in | |||||
καφαρναουμP66 · P75 | Capernaum. | Καφαρναούμ. | Capernaum. | καφαρναουμ | | | — | descendit | Capernaum. | ܒܟܦܪܢܚܘܡ | Capernaum. | Καπερναούμ | Capernaum. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||