The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ειπενP66 · P75 | Said | εἶπεν | Said | ειπεν | | | dixit | Dixit | Said | ܐܡܪ | Said | Εἶπεν | Said | |||||
ουνP66 · P75 | therefore | οὖν | therefore | ουν | | | ergo | ergo | therefore | ܠܗ | therefore | οὖν | therefore | |||||
οP66 · P75 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | signa | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | |||||
ισP66 · P75 | Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | — | | | ihs | Jesus | Jesus | — | — | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | |||||
προσP66 · P75 | to | πρὸς | to | προς | | | — | — | — | ܝܫܘܥ | to | πρὸς | to | |||||
αυτονP66 · P75 | him; | αὐτόν· | him; | αυτον | | | ad | ad | him; | ܐܢ | him; | αὐτόν | him; | |||||
εανP66 · P75 | only | ἐὰν | only | εαν | | | eum | eum | only | — | — | Ἐὰν | only | |||||
μηP66 · P75 | unless | μὴ | unless | μη | | | — | Nisi | unless | ܐܬܘܬܐ | unless | μὴ | unless | |||||
σημιαP66 · P75 | signs | σημεῖα | signs | σημεια | | | si | signa | signs | ܘܬܕܡܪܬܐ | signs | σημεῖα | signs | |||||
καιP66 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | — | — | καὶ | and | |||||
τεραταP66 · P75 | wonders | τέρατα | wonders | τερατα | | | prodigia | prodigia | wonders | ܠܐ | wonders | τέρατα | wonders | |||||
ιδητεP66 · P75 | you people may see, | ἴδητε, | you people may see, | ϊδητε | | | — | — | — | ܬܚܙܘܢ | you people may see, | ἴδητε | you people may see, | |||||
ουP66 · P75 | certainly | οὐ | certainly | ου | | | uideritis | videritis | certainly | — | — | οὐ | certainly | |||||
μηP66 · P75 | not | μὴ | not | μη | | | non | non | not | ܠܐ | not | μὴ | not | |||||
πιστευσηταιP66 · P75 | shall you believe. | πιστεύσητε. | shall you believe. | πιστευσητε | | | credetis | creditis | shall you believe. | ܬܗܝܡܢܘܢ | shall you believe. | πιστεύσητε | shall you believe. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||