The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
καιP60 · P66 · P90 | And | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܐܤܛܪܛܝܘܛܐ | And | Καὶ | And | |||||
οιP60 · P66 · P90 | the | οἱ | the | οι | | | — | — | — | — | — | οἱ | the | |||||
στρατιωταιP60 · P66 · P90 | soldiers | στρατιῶται | soldiers | στρατιωται | | | milites | milites | soldiers | ܓܕܠܘ | soldiers | στρατιῶται | soldiers | |||||
πλεξαντεσP60 · P66 · P90 | having twisted together | πλέξαντες | having twisted together | πλεξαντες | | | plectentes | plectentes | having twisted together | — | — | πλέξαντες | having twisted together | |||||
εξP60 · P66 · P90 | a crown | στέφανον | a crown | στεφανον | | | coronam | coronam | a crown | ܟܠܝܠܐ | a crown | στέφανον | a crown | |||||
ακανθωνP60 · P66 · P90 | of | ἐξ | of | εξ | | | de | de | of | ܡܢ | of | ἐξ | of | |||||
στεφανονP60 · P66 · P90 | thorns | ἀκανθῶν | thorns | ακανθων | | | spinis | spinis | thorns | ܟܘܒܐ | thorns | ἀκανθῶν | thorns | |||||
επεθηκανP60 · P66 · P90 | put it | ἐπέθηκαν | put it | επεθηκαν | | | imposuerunt | imposuerunt | put it | — | — | ἐπέθηκαν | put it | |||||
αυτουP60 · P66 · P90 | of Him | αὐτοῦ | of Him | αυτου | | | capiti | capiti | of Him | ܘܤܡܘ | of Him | αὐτοῦ | of Him | |||||
τηP60 · P66 · P90 | on the | τῇ | on the | τη | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῇ | on the | |||||
κεφαληP60 · P66 · P90 | head | κεφαλῇ | head | κεφαλη | | | eius | ejus | head | ܠܗ | head | κεφαλῇ | head | |||||
καιP60 · P66 · P90 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܒܪܫܗ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
ιματιονP60 · P66 · P90 | a robe | ἱμάτιον | a robe | ειματιον | | | ueste | veste | a robe | ܘܟܤܝܘܗܝ | a robe | ἱμάτιον | a robe | |||||
πορφυρουνP60 · P66 · P90 | purple | πορφυροῦν | purple | πορφυρουν | | | purpurea | purpurea | purple | — | — | πορφυροῦν | purple | |||||
περιεβαλονP60 · P66 · P90 | cast around | περιέβαλον | cast around | περιεβαλον | | | circumdederunt | circumdederunt | cast around | ܢܚܬܐ | cast around | περιέβαλον | cast around | |||||
αυτονP60 · P66 · P90 | Him | αὐτὸν | Him | αυτον | | | eum | eum | Him | ܕܐܪܓܘܢܐ | Him | αὐτόν | Him | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||