The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
αυτουP108 · P59 · P60 · P66 | These things | Ταῦτα | These things | ταυτα | | | haec | Hæc | These things | ܗܠܝܢ | These things | Ταῦτα | These things | |||||
εἰπὼνP108 · P59 · P60 · P66 | having said | εἰπὼν | having said | ειπων | | | cum | cum | having said | ܐܡܪ | having said | εἰπὼν | having said | |||||
ὁP108 · P59 · P60 · P66 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | discipuli | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | |||||
ἸησοῦςP108 · P59 · P60 · P66 | Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | — | | | dixisset | dixisset | Jesus | ܝܫܘܥ | Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | |||||
ἐξῆλθενP108 · P59 · P60 · P66 | went out | ἐξῆλθεν | went out | εξηλθεν | | | ihs | Jesus | went out | — | — | ἐξῆλθεν | went out | |||||
σὺνP108 · P59 · P60 · P66 | with | σὺν | with | συν | | | — | egressus | with | ܘܢܦܩ | with | σὺν | with | |||||
τοῖςP108 · P59 · P60 · P66 | the | τοῖς | the | τοις | | | eius | — | — | — | — | τοῖς | the | |||||
μαθηταῖςP108 · P59 · P60 · P66 | disciples | μαθηταῖς | disciples | μαθηταις | | | — | est | disciples | ܥܡ | disciples | μαθηταῖς | disciples | |||||
αὐτοῦP108 · P59 · P60 · P66 | of Him | αὐτοῦ | of Him | αυτου | | | cum | cum | of Him | ܬܠܡܝܕܘܗܝ | of Him | αὐτοῦ | of Him | |||||
πέρανP108 · P59 · P60 · P66 | beyond | πέραν | beyond | περαν | | | discipulis | discipulis | beyond | ܠܥܒܪܐ | beyond | πέραν | beyond | |||||
τοῦP108 · P59 · P60 · P66 | the | τοῦ | the | του | | | exiit | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | the | |||||
χειμάρρουP108 · P59 · P60 · P66 | winter stream | χειμάρρου | winter stream | χειμαρρου | | | suis | suis | winter stream | ܕܪܓܠܬܐ | winter stream | χειμάρρου | winter stream | |||||
τοῦP108 · P59 · P60 · P66 | of the | τοῦ | of the | του | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῶν | of the | |||||
ΚεδρὼνP108 · P59 · P60 · P66 | of Kidron | Κεδρὼν | of Kidron | — | | | trans | trans | of Kidron | — | — | Κέδρων | of Kidron | |||||
ὅπουP108 · P59 · P60 · P66 | where | ὅπου | where | οπου | | | torrentem | torrentem | where | ܕܩܕܪܘܢ | where | ὅπου | where | |||||
ἦνP108 · P59 · P60 · P66 | there was | ἦν | there was | ην | | | cedri | Cedron | there was | ܐܬܪ | there was | ἦν | there was | |||||
κῆποςP108 · P59 · P60 · P66 | a garden | κῆπος | a garden | κηπος | | | ubi | ubi | a garden | ܕܐܝܬ | a garden | κῆπος | a garden | |||||
εἰςP108 · P59 · P60 · P66 | into | εἰς | into | εις | | | erat | erat | into | ܗܘܬ | into | εἰς | into | |||||
ὃνP108 · P59 · P60 · P66 | which | ὃν | which | ον | | | hortus | hortus | which | ܓܢܬܐ | which | ὃν | which | |||||
εἰσῆλθενP108 · P59 · P60 · P66 | entered | εἰσῆλθεν | entered | εισηλθεν | | | in | in | entered | ܐܝܟܐ | entered | εἰσῆλθεν | entered | |||||
αὐτὸςP108 · P59 · P60 · P66 | He himself | αὐτὸς | He himself | αυτος | | | quem | quem | He himself | — | — | αὐτὸς | He himself | |||||
καὶP108 · P59 · P60 · P66 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | introibit | introivit | and | ܕܥܠ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
οἱP108 · P59 · P60 · P66 | the | οἱ | the | οι | | | simul | — | — | — | — | οἱ | the | |||||
μαθηταὶP108 · P59 · P60 · P66 | disciples | μαθηταὶ | disciples | μαθηται | | | ipse | ipse | disciples | ܗܘ | disciples | μαθηταὶ | disciples | |||||
αὐτοῦ.P108 · P59 · P60 · P66 | of Him. | αὐτοῦ. | of Him. | αυτου | | | et | et | of Him. | ܘܬܠܡܝܕܘܗܝ | of Him. | αὐτοῦ | of Him. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||