The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
απεκριθηP60 · P66 | Answered | ἀπεκρίθη | Answered | — | | | respondit | Respondit | Answered | ܐܡܪ | Answered | Ἀπεκρίθη | Answered | |||||
οP60 · P66 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | |||||
πειλατοσP60 · P66 | Pilate; | Πιλᾶτος· | Pilate; | πειλατος | | | pilatus | Pilatus | Pilate; | ܠܗ | Pilate; | Πιλάτος | Pilate; | |||||
μηP60 · P66 | surely not ever | μήτι | surely not ever | μητι | | | numquid | Numquid | surely not ever | ܦܝܠܛܘܤ | surely not ever | Μήτι | surely not ever | |||||
γαρP60 · P66 | I myself | ἐγὼ | I myself | εγω | | | ego | ego | I myself | ܠܡܐ | I myself | ἐγὼ | I myself | |||||
εγωP60 · P66 | a Jew | Ἰουδαῖός | a Jew | ιουδαιος | | | iudaeus | Judæus | a Jew | ܐܢܐ | a Jew | Ἰουδαῖός | a Jew | |||||
ιουδαιοσP60 · P66 | am? | εἰμι; | am? | ειμι | | | sum | sum | am? | ܝܗܘܕܝܐ | am? | εἰμι | am? | |||||
ειμιP60 · P66 | The | τὸ | The | το | | | — | — | — | — | — | Τὸ | The | |||||
τοP60 · P66 | nation | ἔθνος | nation | εθνος | | | gens | gens | nation | ܐܢܐ | nation | ἔθνος | nation | |||||
εθνοσP60 · P66 | <the> | τὸ | <the> | το | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸ | <the> | |||||
τοP60 · P66 | of You | σὸν | of You | σον | | | tua | tua | of You | ܒܢܝ | of You | σὸν | of You | |||||
σονP60 · P66 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܥܡܟ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
καιP60 · P66 | the | οἱ | the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | οἱ | the | |||||
οιP60 · P66 | chief priests | ἀρχιερεῖς | chief priests | αρχϊερεις | | | pontifices | pontifices | chief priests | ܗܘ | chief priests | ἀρχιερεῖς | chief priests | |||||
αρχιερεισP60 · P66 | delivered | παρέδωκάν | delivered | παρεδωκαν | | | tradiderunt | tradiderunt | delivered | ܘܪܒܝ | delivered | παρέδωκάν | delivered | |||||
παρεδωκανP60 · P66 | You | σε | You | σε | | | te | te | You | ܟܗܢܐ | You | σε | You | |||||
σεP60 · P66 | to me myself; | ἐμοί· | to me myself; | εμοι | | | mihi | mihi | to me myself; | ܐܫܠܡܘܟ | to me myself; | ἐμοί | to me myself; | |||||
εμοιP60 · P66 | What | τί | What | τι | | | quid | quid | What | ܠܝ | What | τί | What | |||||
τιP60 · P66 | did You do? | ἐποίησας;¶ | did You do? | εποιησας | | | fecisti | fecisti | did You do? | ܡܢܐ | did You do? | ἐποίησας | did You do? | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||