The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
λεγειP60 · P66 | Says | λέγει | Says | λεγει | | | dicit | Dicit | says | ܐܡܪ | Says | Λέγει | Says | |||||
εισP60 · P66 | one | εἷς | one | εις | | | — | ei | to him | ܠܗ | one | εἷς | one | |||||
εκP60 · P66 | of | ἐκ | of | εκ | | | unus | unus | one | ܚܕ | of | ἐκ | of | |||||
τωνP60 · P66 | the | τῶν | the | των | | | illo | — | — | — | — | τῶν | the | |||||
δουλωνP60 · P66 | servants | δούλων | servants | — | | | ex | ex | from/out of | ܡܢ | servants | δούλων | servants | |||||
τουP60 · P66 | of the | τοῦ | of the | του | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | of the | |||||
αρχιερεωσP60 · P66 | high priest | ἀρχιερέως | high priest | αρχϊερεως | | | seruis | servis | ? | ܥܒܕܐ | high priest | ἀρχιερέως | high priest | |||||
συγγενησP60 · P66 | kinsman | συγγενὴς | kinsman | — | | | pontificis | pontificis | ? | ܕܪܒ | kinsman | συγγενὴς | kinsman | |||||
ωνP60 · P66 | being of him | ὢν | being of him | ῶν | | | cognatus | cognatus | ? | ܟܗܢܐ | being of him | ὢν | being of him | |||||
ουP60 · P66 | of whom | οὗ | of whom | ου | | | eius | ejus | ? | ܐܚܝܢܗ | of whom | οὗ | of whom | |||||
απεκοψενP60 · P66 | cut off | ἀπέκοψεν | cut off | απεκοψεν | | | cuius | cujus | ? | ܕܗܘ | cut off | ἀπέκοψεν | cut off | |||||
πετροσP60 · P66 | Peter | Πέτρος | Peter | πετρος | | | abscidit | abscidit | ? | — | — | Πέτρος | Peter | |||||
τοP60 · P66 | the | τὸ | the | το | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | |||||
ωτιονP60 · P66 | ear; | ὠτίον· | ear; | ωτιον | | | petrus | auriculam | ? | ܕܦܤܩ | ear; | ὠτίον | ear; | |||||
ουκP60 · P66 | Surely | οὐκ | Surely | ουκ | | | auriculam | Nonne | ? | ܗܘܐ | Surely | Οὐκ | Surely | |||||
εγωP60 · P66 | I myself | ἐγώ | I myself | εγω | | | nonne | ego | I | ܫܡܥܘܢ | I myself | ἐγώ | I myself | |||||
σεP60 · P66 | you | σε | you | σε | | | ego | te | you | ܐܕܢܗ | you | σε | you | |||||
ειδονP60 · P66 | saw | εἶδον | saw | ιδον | | | te | vidi | ? | ܠܐ | saw | εἶδον | saw | |||||
ενP60 · P66 | in | ἐν | in | εν | | | uidi | in | in | ܐܢܐ | in | ἐν | in | |||||
τωP60 · P66 | the | τῷ | the | τω | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῷ | the | |||||
κηπωP60 · P66 | garden | κήπῳ | garden | κηπω | | | in | horto | ? | ܚܙܝܬܟ | garden | κήπῳ | garden | |||||
μετP60 · P66 | with | μετ᾽ | with | μετ | | | horto | cum | when/with | ܥܡܗ | with | μετ’ | with | |||||
αυτουP60 · P66 | Him? | αὐτοῦ; | Him? | αυτου | | | cum | illo | ? | ܒܓܢܬܐ | Him? | αὐτοῦ | Him? | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||