The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ηνP60 · P66 | Was | ἦν | Was | ῆν | | | erat | Erat | Was | ܘܫܡܥܘܢ | Was | Ἦν | Was | |||||
δεP60 · P66 | now | δὲ | now | δε | | | autem | autem | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | now | |||||
σιμωνP60 · P66 | Simon | Σίμων | Simon | σιμων | | | simon | Simon | Simon | — | — | Σίμων | Simon | |||||
πετροσP60 · P66 | Peter | Πέτρος | Peter | πετρος | | | petrus | Petrus | Peter | ܩܐܡ | Peter | Πέτρος | Peter | |||||
εστωσP60 · P66 | already standing | ἑστὼς | already standing | εστως | | | stans | stans | already standing | ܗܘܐ | already standing | ἑστὼς | already standing | |||||
καιP60 · P66 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܘܫܚܢ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
θερμαινομενοσP60 · P66 | warming himself. | θερμαινόμενος. | warming himself. | — | | | calefaciens | calefaciens | warming himself. | ܘܐܡܪܝܢ | warming himself. | θερμαινόμενος | warming himself. | |||||
ειπανP60 · P66 | They said | εἶπον | They said | ειπον | | | se | se | They said | — | — | εἶπον | They said | |||||
ουνP60 · P66 | therefore | οὖν | therefore | ουν | | | dixerunt | Dixerunt | therefore | ܠܗ | therefore | οὖν | therefore | |||||
αυτωP60 · P66 | to him; | αὐτῷ· | to him; | αυτω | | | ergo | ergo | to him; | ܠܡܐ | to him; | αὐτῷ | to him; | |||||
μηP60 · P66 | Surely | μὴ | Surely | μη | | | ei | ei | Surely | ܐܦ | Surely | Μὴ | Surely | |||||
καιP60 · P66 | also | καὶ | also | και | | | numquid | Numquid | also | — | — | καὶ | also | |||||
συP60 · P66 | you yourself | σὺ | you yourself | συ | | | et | et | you yourself | ܐܢܬ | you yourself | σὺ | you yourself | |||||
εκP60 · P66 | of | ἐκ | of | εκ | | | tu | tu | of | ܚܕ | of | ἐκ | of | |||||
τωνP60 · P66 | the | τῶν | the | των | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῶν | the | |||||
μαθητωνP60 · P66 | disciples | μαθητῶν | disciples | μαθητων | | | ex | ex | disciples | ܡܢ | disciples | μαθητῶν | disciples | |||||
αυτουP60 · P66 | of Him | αὐτοῦ | of Him | αυτου | | | disci pulis | discipulis | of Him | ܬܠܡܝܕܘܗܝ | of Him | αὐτοῦ | of Him | |||||
ειP60 · P66 | are? | εἶ; | are? | ει | | | eius | ejus | are? | — | — | εἶ | are? | |||||
ηρνησατοP60 · P66 | Denied | ἠρνήσατο | Denied | ηρνησατο | | | es | es | Denied | ܐܢܬ | Denied | Ἠρνήσατο | Denied | |||||
εκεινοσP60 · P66 | therefore | οὖν | therefore | — | | | negauit | Negavit | therefore | ܘܗܘ | therefore | οὖν | therefore | |||||
καιP60 · P66 | he | ἐκεῖνος | he | εκεινος | | | ille | ille | he | ܟܦܪ | he | ἐκεῖνος | he | |||||
ειπενP60 · P66 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܘܐܡܪ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
ουκP60 · P66 | said; | εἶπεν· | said; | ειπεν | | | dixit | dixit | said; | — | — | εἶπεν | said; | |||||
ειμιP60 · P66 | Not | οὐκ | Not | ουκ | | | non | Non | Not | ܠܐ | Not | Οὐκ | Not | |||||
εἰμί.P60 · P66 | I am. | εἰμί. | I am. | ειμι | | | sum | sum | I am. | ܗܘܝܬ | I am. | εἰμί | I am. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||