The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | εἶπαν | Said | — | | | et | Et | Said | ܐܡܪܝܢ | Said | Εἶπον | Said | ||||||
| — | δὲ | then | δε | | | dixerunt | dixerunt | then | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | then | ||||||
| — | οἱ | those | οι | | | qui | — | — | — | — | οἱ | those | ||||||
| — | ἀκούσαντες· | having heard; | — | | | audierunt | audiebant | having heard; | ܐܝܠܝܢ | having heard; | ἀκούσαντες | having heard; | ||||||
| — | καὶ | Then | και | | | ergo | Et | Then | ܕܫܡܥܘ | Then | Καὶ | Then | ||||||
| — | τίς | who | τις | | | quis | quis | who | ܘܡܢܘ | who | τίς | who | ||||||
| — | δύναται | is able | δυναται | | | potest | potest | is able | ܡܫܟܚ | is able | δύναται | is able | ||||||
| — | σωθῆναι; | to be saved? | σωθηναι | | | saluari | salvus | to be saved? | ܠܡܚܐ | to be saved? | σωθῆναι | to be saved? | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 22:4 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||