The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
τοτεP66 · P75 | Then | Τότε | Then | τοτε | | | tunc | Tunc | Then | ܗܝܕܝܢ | Then | Τότε | Then | |||||
ουνP66 · P75 | therefore | οὖν | therefore | ουν | | | ergo | ergo | therefore | ܐܡܪ | therefore | οὖν | therefore | |||||
ειπενP66 · P75 | said | εἶπεν | said | ειπεν | | | ihs | Jesus | said | ܠܗܘܢ | said | εἶπεν | said | |||||
αυτοισP66 · P75 | to them | αὐτοῖς | to them | αυτοις | | | dixit | dixit | to them | ܝܫܘܥ | to them | αὐτοῖς | to them | |||||
ισP66 · P75 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | illis | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | |||||
παρρησιαP66 · P75 | Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | — | | | — | manifeste | Jesus | ܦܫܝܩܐܝܬ | Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | |||||
λαζαροσP66 · P75 | plainly; | παρρησίᾳ· | plainly; | παρρησια | | | lazar | Lazarus | plainly; | ܠܥܙܪ | plainly; | παρρησίᾳ | plainly; | |||||
απεθανενP66 · P75 | Lazarus | Λάζαρος | Lazarus | λαζαρος | | | mortuus | mortuus | Lazarus | ܡܝܬ | Lazarus | Λάζαρος | Lazarus | |||||
ἀπέθανεν.P66 · P75 | has died. | ἀπέθανεν. | has died. | απεθανεν | | | est | est | has died. | ܠܗ | has died. | ἀπέθανεν | has died. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||